藏医学的起源及其相关问题研究  

A Study on the Origin and relevant Issues of Tibetan Medicine

作　　者：保罗[1] 项智多杰 

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区社会科学院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《西藏研究》2017年第3期36-43,共8页Tibetan Studies

摘　　要：作为藏族优秀传统文化的藏医学,是中华民族医药宝库中一颗璀璨明珠,也是世界医学中独具特色、原始形态保存最完好的医学之一。就其由来:5万年前西藏高原上的远古初民开始探索原始启蒙医疗实践;5000年前初步掌握一些简单而基本的医疗技能;公元前1917年辛饶米沃且出生前,也即距今3900多年前,象雄地方盛行原始苯教的巫医;辛饶米沃且父子时代产生了象雄医学著作《四部医经》《解毒雍仲旋》等《甘露医术九经》,证明当时的象雄医学具有一定的医疗实践和理论体系;7世纪初吐蕃王朝建立(以雅隆部落联盟为主体的地方政权)后,形成了以象雄医学为基础、融入吐蕃原有医学、吸收我国中原医学等的吐蕃医学;8世纪吐蕃著名医学家宇妥·云丹贡布等人对苯教《四部医经》进行研究、充实、补充、修订,形成了藏医学名著《四部医典》,标志着藏医学体系的成熟。当初西藏高原上的医学在象雄语和藏语中称"吉""敏吉",11世纪前后才称作以藏语命名的"索瓦热巴"。从远古延续至今的这一医学是源于中国西藏、扎根在雪域高原、流往异国他乡、世人普遍公认的藏医学——"索瓦热巴"。As an excellent traditional Tibetan culture Tibetan medicine is a Chinese medicine treasury shinning pearl,it is also one of the most unique and retain its primitive shape among the world medi-cines. For its origin, the Tibetan ancestors started to explore medical practices fifty thousand years ago; mastered in simple and basic medical skills five thousand years ago; witch doctors of Ben appearedthree thousand and nine hundred years ago in zhangzhung ; during the period of ghen - rab - mi - bo -che and his son,the medical work of Four Medical Code, Disintoxication of Yongzhong,and the dew ofnine medical classic, and it proves that the Zhangzhung medicine contains basic theory system and prac-tices ;in the seventh century after establishment of the Tibetan kingdom the Tibetan medicine was formedon the basis of both Zhangzhung and Tibetan medicines, and it also absorbed traditional Chinese medi-cine as well; the famous medical scientist Yutok Yundan Gunpo conducted in - depth study on theFour Medical Code of Ben, and enrich, supplement and revise the Four Medical Code, and finally com-posed the Four Medical Tantras, and it marked the milestone of maturity of Tibetan medicine system.

关 键 词：藏医药 起源 相关问题 研究 

分 类 号：K28[历史地理—历史学] R29-09[历史地理—中国史]