牧区农村藏族妇女家庭分工与生态建设能力提升研究——来自川西北牧区的个案调查  

Rural Tibetan Women's Labor Distribution and Capacity of Enhancing Eco-construction:A Case Study from Pastoral Region in Northwest Sichuan

作　　者：沈茂英[1] 龙涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省社会科学院经济研究所,四川成都610072

出　　处：《西藏研究》2017年第3期70-77,共8页Tibetan Studies

基　　金：2015年度国家社科基金项目"川滇连片特困藏区生态扶贫调查和制度创新研究"(项目编号:15AMZ007)成果

摘　　要：家庭分工是家庭成员之间的角色定位,是社会分工在家庭层面的表现,也是社会性别分工在家庭层面的折射。在川西北牧区女性个案访谈中发现,藏族妇女是家庭生产的主要承担者,是孩子和老人的主要照料者,是家庭食物和家庭能源的主要准备者,却是家庭资产管理的旁观者。藏族妇女家庭分工决定了妇女与周边的生态环境、生态资源有着完全不同于男性的认知与需求,决定了女性与自然的密切联系。藏族妇女生态资源利用具有家庭院落与近院落特点,是生态资源利用与生态建设的重要力量。结合藏族妇女家庭分工和资源利用特点,建议在生态建设项目、可持续生态资源利用、生态扶贫项目、教育培训以及社会公共管理等领域引入性别意识,提升藏族妇女参与生态建设与保护的能力。Household labor division manifests the role of family members. It is a reflection of social divi-sion of labor and gender vision at household level. We have noticed that female undertook the majorresponsibilities of household productivity according to our previous interviews among the Tibetan women in the western Sichuan ’ s pastoral area. The female members were also responsible for taking care of elderly and children and preparing food and energy for the households. However, the female memberswere viewed as bystanders when it came to asset management issues. The labor division determined that the female members had different recognition and demands than male members towards peripheral ecolog-ical environment and nature resources, and it also determined the close connection between women and nature. Tibetan woman preferred utilizing resources of close reach and should be viewed as a potent force of enhancing ecological construction. On the basis of characteristics of Tibetan women’ s labor divi-sion and utilizing resources, this paper proposed that gender consciousness should be considered and un-derscored in the fields of ecological construction, sustainable use of nature resources, poverty alleviation through eco - construction, educational programs, public management. Further participation of Tibetan women are essential to enhance ecological construction.

关 键 词：农村藏族妇女 家庭分工 生态建设能力 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理] C954[社会学]