全膝关节置换术膝关节有限元模型的构建及其力学分析  

A finite element model of the knee joint for total knee arthroplasty: Construction and biomechanic analysis

作　　者：董跃福[1] 牟志芳[2] 蒋胜波[1] 刘旭东[1] 何维栋[1] 王兵[1] 刘建[1] 崔吉正[3] 

机构地区：[1]连云港市第一人民医院关节外科,连云港医学博士222002 [2]连云港市第一人民医院重症医学科,连云港222002 [3]连云港市第一人民医院疼痛科,连云港222002

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2017年第8期839-843,共5页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31670956);连云港市科技局科技发展计划项目(ZD1501);连云港市卫生科技项目(201506;QN1402)

摘　　要：目的通过多模态CT和MRI影像数据构建复杂人体膝关节有限元模型的研究较少。文中旨在通过CT和MRI影像数据配准融合构建全膝关节置换术(TKA)膝关节有限元模型,进行有限元分析,为TKA膝关节生物力学仿真研究提供模型。方法采集连云港市第一人民医院关节外科2016年6月1例26岁正常成年男性左侧膝关节CT和MRI影像数据,导入至Mimics软件构建膝关节骨性和非骨性结构三维模型。以外部参照点进行模型配准,融合成膝关节三维整体模型。仿真植入TKA假体组件,构建TKA膝关节三维模型,进一步网格划分,构建TKA膝关节三维有限元模型。对其定义材料属性、确定边界条件和载荷后,进行有限元分析。结果通过CT和MRI影像配准融合构建出包含骨骼、韧带、假体、聚乙烯衬垫和骨水泥层的TKA膝关节有限元模型,模型保持了TKA膝关节内不同结构的空间位置关系。有限元分析结果显示了TKA膝关节内的应力分布特征。TKA膝关节内外侧间室股骨假体与聚乙烯衬垫发生接触,内外侧间室接触总面积为230 mm2,内侧间室为124mm2,外侧间室为106mm2,内侧间室接触面积约为外侧间室的1.17倍。内侧间室聚乙烯上表面的压应力峰值为15.72 MPa,外侧间室聚乙烯上表面的压应力峰值为14.45 MPa,内侧间室压应力峰值是外侧间室的1.09倍。结论基于CT和MRI影像数据配准融合构建的TKA膝关节有限元模型为研究TKA膝关节生物力学行为提供了可靠工具。Objective Few studies are reported on the construction of a finite element model of human complex knee joint using multimodality CT and MRI images. In this study,we developed a finite element model of the knee joint for total knee arthroplasty（TKA） using matched and fused CT and MRI data,hoping to provide a useful tool for the simulation study of knee joint biomechanics of TKA. Methods The CT and MRI image data about an intact knee of a 26-year-old male volunteer were imported into the Mimics software for the establishment of 3D models of bony and soft-tissue structures. A complete knee model was developed following the registration and fusion of the constructed 3D models based on the external landmarks. After the simulated implantation of TKA components,a finite element model of the TKA knee was constructed with the Hypermesh software. Then the finite element model was analyzed following the definition of its material behavior,boundary conditions and loading. Results The finite element model of the TKA knee,which was composed of bones,ligaments,components,polyethylene insert and bone cement,was developed from CT-MRI image registration and fusion and maintained its important spatial relationship among different structures in the TKA knee. The results obtained from the finite element analysis showed the characteristics of stress distribution in the TKA knee. Conclusion The finite element model of the knee joint for TKA can be established by matching and fusing CT and MRI image data,which can be employed as a useful tool for the study of knee joint biomechanics of TKA.

关 键 词：膝关节 有限元模型 有限元分析 全膝关节置换术 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]