基于GIS和SPSS主成分分析的农村居民点空间分布影响因素研究——以宁夏中部干旱带为例  

Study of influencing factors of the rural settlement distribution based on GIS and principal component analysis of SPSS——An example of the arid rural residential areas of Ningxia

作　　者：王重玲[1] 郑富玲 韩莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]银川大学建筑工程学院,宁夏银川750200

出　　处：《宁夏工程技术》2017年第2期183-187,共5页Ningxia Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41161078)

摘　　要：运用GIS空间分析技术和SPSS主成分分析相结合的方法,研究了自然资源、社会经济环境、生态环境及区位条件对宁夏中部干旱带盐池县、红寺堡区、海原县和同心县4个县(区)农村居民点分布的影响。结果表明:(1)耕地、林地、牧草地及水资源等自然资源的空间分布及丰缺度是影响研究区农村居民点分布最重要的因素。(2)水土流失及土地沙化程度是影响研究区农村居民点分布的生态环境要素。在南部黄土丘陵水土流失区,农村居民点主要依旱地布局,密度相对较高,分布较集中;在北部干旱风沙区,分布则较均匀稀疏;在灌区平原,分布最集中密集。(3)在经济发展水平较高的地区,农村居民点空间分布的规模相对较大,密度相对分散;相反,居民点分布规模则较小,密度相对较高。(4)交通道路密集性越高,交通通达性越好,表明区位水平相对较高,通行便利,研究区农村居民点有沿主要交通干线呈带状密集分布的指向性。Using GIS spatial analysis technology and SPSS principal component analysis methods, influences of the natural resources, socio-economic environment, ecological environment and location conditions on the rural settlements distribution about Yanchi county, Hongsibu zone, Haiyuan county and Tongxin county of the central arid zone in Ningxia were analyzed.The results of the study are as follows：（1） The spatial distribution and abundance of natural resources of cultivated land,forest land, grassland and water resources are the most important factors which decide the rural residential area.（2） Soil erosion and land desertification degree are the ecological environment factors influencing the spatial distribution of rural settlement. In the soil and water loss area of the southern loess hills, the rural settlements layout mainly depends on the dry land. Consequently, the density of distributions is high and concentrated, but the rural settlement distributions are uniform and sparse in the dry and sandy area of the north, and there are the most concentrated and intensive rural settlement distributions in the plain irrigation area.（3） In the study area, the distribution of rural residential areas is relatively large and the density is relatively dispersed in the economic developed areas. In contrast, the distribution of residential areas is relatively small and dense.（4） The higher traffic density and the clearer traffic means higher location level relatively. The rural residential areas in the study area has the directivity of the concentrated distribution of main traffic arteries strip with convenient traffic.

关 键 词：农村居民点 空间分布 影响因素 宁夏中部干旱带 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]