高原驻训人员返回平原脱适应效果研究  

Effect of deacclimatization on personnel returning from plateau training

作　　者：韩麒智 周晨林 徐莉 刘蕾 鱼敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学预防医学系卫勤教研室,710032 [2]兰州军区临潼疗养院,710600

出　　处：《武警医学》2017年第7期686-689,共4页Medical Journal of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force

基　　金：军队高原科研攻关项目(LZ13GYL06)

摘　　要：目的研究高原驻训人员与高原驻训返回平原后的脱适应效果。方法对海拔4300 m高原驻训120 d后阶梯下降返回平原的100名士兵,在返回3、10、20 d进行主观问卷调查,并对脱适应效果进行评估。结果返回平原10 d较3 d时,疲劳、头昏、精力不集中、失眠、胸闷、眩晕等6个症状加重,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);20 d时,症状缓解并具有统计学意义(P<0.05),头昏、纳差、便秘且手足麻木和腹泻,组间改变不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高原特殊环境对短期驻训官兵身心造成的双重影响,在采取阶梯式下降返回驻地的同时要求快速脱习服,为此应制定早期群体综合干预、科学组织脱习服期间的训练,并对症状较重的官兵进行针对性治疗。Objective To explore the effect of deacclimatization on troops who have returned to the plains after training on the plateau. Methods Subjective questionnaires regarding the effect of deacclimatization were distributed among 100 soldiers three,ten and twenty days after they returned to the plains step by step from a training mission of 120 days on the plateau 4300 meters above sea level. Results Ten days after their return to the plains,six symptoms,including fatigue,dizziness,distraction,insomnia,chest tightness and vertigo,deteriorated compared with three days after their return. The difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）.Twenty days after their return,these symptoms were alleviated and the difference was of statistical significance（ P〈0. 05）. The change in the severity of dizziness,poor appetite,constipation,extremities numbness and diarrhea was not statistically significant（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusions The special environment on the plateau has an impact on the physical and mental state of troops engaged in short-term training. During their step-to-step return to the plains,quick decclimatization is necessary. To this end,early mass comprehensive interventions should be undertaken,the training during decclimatization organized in a proper way,and troops with severe symptoms subjected to targeted treatment.

关 键 词：高原驻训 脱适应 效果 评价 

分 类 号：R330[医药卫生—人体生理学]