2011-2015年北京市海淀区其他感染性腹泻监测分析  

Surveillance for other infectious diarrheal diseases in Haidian district of Beijing,2011-2015

作　　者：华伟玉[1] 赵振[1] 李洋[1] 邵云平[1] 郭黎[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,北京100094

出　　处：《疾病监测》2017年第7期577-581,共5页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的分析2011-2015年北京市海淀区其他感染性腹泻病例流行特征,为制定预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,病例信息来源于"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"。在海淀区1家哨点监测医院,采集2011-2015年肠道门诊腹泻患者的粪便标本,用实时荧光定量PCR方法对常见腹泻病毒(轮状病毒、诺如病毒)进行检测。结果 2011-2015年海淀区共报告其他感染性腹泻病例25 230例,年报告发病率范围为107.18/10万~188.63/10万,呈逐年下降趋势。<5、5~和60~岁年龄组发病率居前3位。散居儿童报告病例数最多,占全部病例数的26.59%。主要以夏季发病为主,每年6 8月报告病例数最多,流动人口较多的地区发病率较高。共采集腹泻病例标本572份进行轮状病毒和诺如病毒检测,阳性144份,阳性率为25.17%。结论 2011-2015年北京市海淀区散居儿童为其他感染性腹泻高发人群,夏季是高发季节;采样对象为≥16岁人群,仅开展病毒性病原学监测,不利于指导防控,需要调整监测策略。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Haidian district of Beijing from 2011 to 2015 and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the diseases. Methods The incidence data of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Haidian during this period were collected from China Disease Reporting Information System for a descriptive epidemiological analysis. And stool samples were collected from the outpatients with diarrhea in a sentinel hospital in Haidian to detect the common viruses causing diarrhea, such as rotavirus and norovirus, with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results A total of 25 230 cases of other infectious diarrheal diseases were reported in Haldain from 2011 to 2015, and the reported annual incidence ranged from 107.18/100 000 to 188.63/100 000, showing a decline trend. The incidences in age group 〈 5 years, 5 - years and 〉 60 years ranked top three. The case number in children outside child care settings was highest, accounting for 26.59%. The diseases mainly occurred in summer （ June- August）. Floating population were mainly affected. A total of 572 stool samples were collected to detect rotavirus and norovirus, the positive rate was 25. 17% （144/572）. Conclusion Other infectious diarrheal diseases mainly occurred in children outside child care settings in Haldian from 2011 to 2015, and summer was the peak season. Only virologic surveillance for diarrhea and targeting people aged 〉 16 years are not appropriate for the prevention and control of other infectious diarrheal diseases. The surveillance strategy needs to be adjusted.

关 键 词：感染性腹泻 流行病学特征 病原学 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]