新颖变截面多胞薄壁结构的耐撞性研究  

Crashworthiness Research on Novel Multi-cell Thin-walled Structure of Varying Cross-sections

作　　者：张勇[1] 徐翔[1] 李奇[1] 鲁明皓 廖水容[1] ZHANG Yong XU Xiang LI Qi LU Ming-hao LIAO Shui-rong(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学机电及自动化学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2017年第7期151-158,共8页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51675190);福建省自然科学基金项目(2015J01204;2014J01189);华侨大学中青年教师培养计划项目(ZQN-PY202)

摘　　要：为进一步提高多胞薄壁结构在轴向载荷条件下的耐撞性能,提出了一种新颖的变截面多胞薄壁结构,该结构通过将传统均匀多胞结构内胞壁旋转一定的角度而形成,使得同一截面上的各胞元呈现非均匀特性。结合试验与数值有限元分析方法,以最大峰值力和比吸能为耐撞性评价指标,开展不同截面旋转轴位置、旋转角度和薄壁厚度等参数下的变截面多胞与均匀多胞结构的耐撞性对比研究。此外,为进一步探索变截面多胞结构的最优耐撞性,结合Kriging近似模型技术与多目标粒子群方法对变截面多胞结构进行了耐撞性寻优,获得了该结构的Pareto前沿与在不同设计要求下的最优参数匹配。研究结果表明:旋转轴位置、旋转角度和薄壁厚度对变截面多胞薄壁结构的比吸能有显著影响,但旋转轴位置和旋转角度对最大峰值力的影响较小,变截面多胞薄壁结构的比吸能较传统均匀多胞结构提高了约8%;当碰撞最大峰值力限定在180kN范围内时,该结构的最优设计参数壁厚t与旋转角度θ分别为1.52mm和1.85°。To further improve the crashworthiness of multi-cell structures under axial loading,a novel multi-cell thin-walled structure with varying cross-sectional shapes,formed by rotating internal ribs of the traditional multi-cell structure,was proposed.Hence,cells in the same crosssection appeared inhomogeneous characteristics.Combined with experimental and numerical finite element methods,the crashworthiness of multi-cell structure and varying cross-sectional multicell structure with different positions of rotation axes,rotation angles and wall thickness was compared by regarding peak crushing force and special energy absorption as indicators.Furthermore,to explore the potential of the crashworthiness of the multi-cell structure in varying cross-section,the multi-objective optimization was performed by dint of Kriging approximation techniques and multi-objective particle swarm optimization（MPSO）method.The Pareto frontier and the optimized parameter matching under different design requirements were obtained.The results show that the position of rotation axes,rotation angles and wall thickness have significant influences on the specific energy absorption of multi-cell structure in varying cross-section,butthe position of rotation axes and rotation angles have a limited effect on peak crushing force.Moreover,the specific energy absorption of the multi-cell structure in varying cross-section is about 8% higher than that of the traditional multi-cell structure.When the maximum peak of crushing force is limited in the range of 180 kN,the optimal design parameters of wall thickness t and the rotation angleθare 1.52 mm and 1.85 degrees respectively.

关 键 词：汽车工程 多胞薄壁结构 试验研究 耐撞性 能量吸收 Kriging近似技术 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]