城市高羊茅草坪绿地水沙调控效应  

A Study on the Effects of Urban Festuca arundinacea Grassland on the Regulation of Runoff and Sediment

作　　者：魏小燕[1] 毕华兴[1,2,3,4] 李敏[1] 霍云梅 杨晓琪[1] 肖聪颖[1] 张书函 WEI Xiaoyan BI Huaxing LI Min HUO Yunmei YANG Xiaoqi XIAO Congying ZHANG Shuhan(College of soil and water conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083 MOE Forestry Ecological Engineering Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083 Forestry Ecological Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 102206 Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation （Beijing Forestry University）, BeOing 100083 Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beiiing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学,林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心,北京100083 [3]北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心,北京102206 [4]水土保持国家林业局重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083 [5]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2017年第3期45-50,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大专项“城市地表径流减控与面源污染削减技术研究(2013ZX07304-001);科技创新服务能力建设-协同创新中心-林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(PXM2016_014207_000083)

摘　　要：通过人工模拟降雨试验,研究了60%覆盖度城市高羊茅草坪绿地(种草当年)在不同坡度(5°,10°)、不同雨强(30,60,90mm/h)条件下的产流、产沙过程以及径流携带泥沙的作用机制,并用裸地作为对照,同时定量化分析城市高羊茅草坪绿地的水沙调控作用。结果表明:(1)高羊茅草坪绿地能够有效延缓初始产流时间,但随着雨强及坡度的增加其延缓效果降低,当雨强90mm/h、坡度10°时草坪绿地几乎没有延缓初始产流时间的效果;(2)各试验条件下高羊茅草坪绿地与裸地产流率差异性显著,但雨强90 mm/h、坡度10°时二者差异性不显著;(3)各试验条件下高羊茅草坪绿地总径流量是裸地的0.8倍左右,总产沙量是裸地的1/244.68~1/28.34倍;(4)60%盖度城市高羊茅草坪绿地能够有效削减径流量和土壤侵蚀量,但削减程度有差异,雨强为30,60,90mm/h时草坪绿地的平均减流效益分别为33.23%,23.04%,13.78%,在各场次降雨条件下减沙效益均可达95%以上;(5)试验条件相同时,高羊茅草坪绿地和裸地的径流挟沙能力有差异,同一径流量下草坪绿地的土壤侵蚀量远远低于裸地;(6)分别建立城市高羊茅草坪绿地、裸地的径流量与泥沙侵蚀量之间的水沙关系。Through artificially simulated rainfall experiments,we studied the regularities of the runoff and sediment yield on slopes of different gradients（5°and 10°）under different rainfall intensities（30mm/h,60mm/h,and 90mm/h）with different coverages（60% coverage of Festuca arundinacea grassland in the first year of planting,and bare land）.A quantitative study was carried out on the soil and water regulation of F.arundinacea grassland.The results showed that：（1）Festuca arundinacea grassland had a remarkable effect on extending the initial runoff time.However,such effect decreased with the increase of rainfall intensity and slope gradient.The effect on the extension the initial runoff time of grassland was not significant under rainfall intensity of 90mm/h on the 10°slope.（2）Under different experimental conditions,there were significant differences between F.arundinacea grassland and bare land,except under rainfall intensity of 90mm/h on the 10°slope.（3）Under different experimental conditions,the total runoff of F.arundinacea grassland was about 0.8times as much as that of the bare land,and the total sediment yield of F.arundinaceagrassland was 1/244.68-1/28.34 times as much as that of the bare land.（4）A 60% coverage of F.arundinaceagrassland could effectively reduce runoff and soil erosion,but the reduction degree was differ-ent.When the rainfall intensity was 30mm/h,60mm/h,and 90mm/h,the average runoff reduction was33.23%,23.04%,and 13.78%,respectively.The sediment reduction could be more than 95% under different rainfall conditions.（5）Sediment-carrying capacity of F.arundinacea grassland was different from that of the bare land under the same test conditions.The amount of soil erosion in the F.arundinaceagrassland was lower than that of the bare land under the same runoff conditions.（6）The relation between runoff and sediment was established for F.arundinaceagrassland and bare land.

关 键 词：高羊茅草坪绿地 产流产沙 减流减沙 水沙关系 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]