火花放电和高能球磨组合高效制备纳米硅颗粒  

Spark Discharge Combines with High-energy Ball Milling to Efficiently Process Silicon Nanoparticles

作　　者：赵明才[1] 曹祥威 孙洪凯[1] 朱文魁[1] 汪炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《电加工与模具》2017年第4期15-19,共5页Electromachining & Mould

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675275)

摘　　要：提出一种高质高效、自上而下的纳米硅制备方法,从半导体复合加工方法入手,以重掺杂晶体硅为原料,采用火花放电法高效预制备微米/亚微米硅材料,其平均粒径(D50)约1.45μm,进而通过高能球磨法将尺寸缩减至数十纳米,获得尺寸均布、平均粒径(D50)约60 nm的硅颗粒。微米/亚微米硅材料首次放电比容量较高,超过3500 m Ah/g,但经65次循环,电极的可逆比容量仅剩300 m Ah/g,容量保持率不足15%。纳米硅颗粒首次放电比容量为2717.3 m Ah/g,经65次循环,电极的可逆比容量仍保持有1458.6 m Ah/g,容量保持率高达66.84%。This paper proposed a ＂top-down＂ and high-efficient process route to produce Si nanostructures with semiconductor compound machining method. First of all,the micro/submicro Si,particle mean size（D50） of which is about 1.45 μm,intermediate products are efficiently fabricated from heavily doped boron silicon ingot by means of spark discharge method. Subsequently,the particle size can be further reduced to dozens of nanometers using high-energy ball milling,and the particle mean size（D50） is approximately 60 nm. The first time discharge specific capacity of the micro/submicro Si is extremely high,which is more than 3500 m Ah/g. However,after 65 cycles,reversible capacity of the Si-based electrode maintains at about 300 m Ah/g,which corresponds to 15% capacity retention. As a contrast,the first time discharge specific capacity of the nano-Si is 2717.3 m Ah/g. And after 65 cycles,reversible capacity of the Si-based electrode maintains at about 1458.6 m Ah/g,which corresponds to 66.84% capacity retention.

关 键 词：纳米硅颗粒 火花放电 高能球磨 硅基电极材料 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]