港口犹太人对近代早期跨大西洋贸易的参与  

The Role of the Port Jews in the Early Modern Trans-Atlantic Trade

作　　者：艾仁贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学以色列研究中心

出　　处：《世界历史》2017年第4期32-45,共14页World History

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"犹太通史"(项目批准号:15ZDB060)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：地理大发现后,以塞法尔迪人为主的港口犹太人通过广阔经济联系形成的贸易网络参与到新兴的大西洋经济体系之中,并在其中发挥了重要作用。16—18世纪,穿梭在各大殖民帝国之间的港口犹太人在国际贸易领域取得巨大成功,其活跃范围包括欧洲、地中海、美洲、西非乃至印度洋等地区,成为当时全球经济交往中的一支重要力量。他们主要从事与殖民地有关的贸易活动,尤其是奴隶、蔗糖、烟草、钻石贸易等。作为殖民扩张与海外贸易的中坚力量,港口犹太人通过对跨大西洋贸易的参与推动着不同文明之间的交流与互动,反过来又为犹太民族获得了广阔的活动空间与经济机会。Since the Age of Discovery,a trade network was formed by virtue of vast economic connections and the Port Jews(mainly Sephardic Jews)played an important role in the trans-Atlantic economic system.During the 16^(th)-18^(th) centuries,the Port Jews achieved great success in international trade among major colonial empires.Being active in Europe,the Mediterranean,the Americas,West Africa and the Indian Ocean,the Port Jews became a major force in global economic communication.They were mainly engaged in colony-related trade exchanges,including slaves,sugar,tobacco,diamond,etc.As the backbone of the colonial expansion and the overseas trade,they facilitated the exchanges among civilizations through their active participation in the trans-Atlantic trade.Conversely,their commercial activities brought them an enormous living space and economic opportunities,greatly enriching and expanding the concept of the'Jewish Atlantic'.

关 键 词：犹太人 跨大西洋贸易 大西洋经济体系 跨文化交流全球化 

分 类 号：K107[历史地理—历史学]