开片状况对上部烟叶烘烤过程中失水特性的影响  

Effects of different leaf openness condition on dehydration characteristics of tobacco upper leaves during curing

作　　者：宋朝鹏[1] 魏硕[1] 刘相甫 汪代斌[3] 徐宸[3] 李常军[3] 江厚龙[3] 汪伯军[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]中国烟叶公司,北京100000 [3]中国烟草总公司重庆市公司,重庆400023

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第7期8-14,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重庆市公司资助项目(NY20150601070011)

摘　　要：【目的】探究烘烤过程中不同开片度上部烟叶的失水干燥特性,为烘烤工艺优化提供参考。【方法】以烤烟K326不同开片度(0.35,0.31和0.25)上部叶为试验材料,分析鲜烟叶的组织结构以及烘烤过程中烟叶水分和形态的变化。【结果】(1)鲜烟叶栅栏组织细胞密度、栅栏组织厚度、栅栏组织厚度/海绵组织厚度、紧密度随着烟叶开片度的减小而显著增大,海绵组织厚度、疏松度随着烟叶开片度的减小而显著降低。鲜烟叶中叶片水分质量所占比例随着烟叶开片度的减小而显著降低,主脉水分质量所占比例随着烟叶开片度的减小而显著增大。(2)烘烤过程中温度为42~48℃时,烟叶全叶、叶片、主脉含水率随着烟叶开片度的减小呈增大趋势;在38~42℃,叶片的失水比率随着烟叶开片度的减小而增大,45~48℃叶片失水比率随着烟叶开片度的减小而降低;烘烤过程中,叶片的束缚水/自由水随着开片度的减小而增大,叶片横向收缩率、主脉周长收缩率随烟叶开片度减小而降低。【结论】随着K326上部叶开片度的减小,烟叶失水干燥特性变差。[Objective] The characteristics of dehydration of upper leaves during curing process under different leaf open conditions were explored to provide reference for the optimization of flue-curing process. [Method] The upper leaves of K326 with different leaf openness （0.35,0.31 and 0.25） were used to analyze the organization structure of fresh tobacco leaves and the changes of moisture and states during curing. [Result] The palisade tissue thickness, moisture thickness ratio between palisade tissue and sponge tissue, tightness and palisade tissue cell density of fresh tobacco leaves were increased significantly with the decrease of openness, while the thickness and porosity of spongy tissue decreased significantly. The moisture mass ratio of leaf blade in whole leaf was decreased significantly while the moisture mass ratio of midrib in whole leaf was increased significantly. （2） The water content of whole leaf, leaf and main vein were increased with decrease of openness at 42-48℃ The dehydration ratio of leaf blade was increasedwith the decrease of opennessduring 38-42 v ,while the dehydration ratio of tobacco main was decteased during 45-48 ℃. The ratio between bound water and free water of leaf blade was increased while horizon- tal shrinkage ratio of tobacco leaf and circumference shrinkage ratio of midrib were decreased with the de- crease of openness during curing. [Conclusion] With the decrease of openness of tobacco leaf, the dehydra- tion and drying characteristics of tobacco leaves during curing turned to be worse.

关 键 词：烟草 上部叶 开片度 水分 形态收缩 

分 类 号：TS441[农业科学—烟草工业]