木霉Tr-92厚垣孢子可湿性粉剂的储存性能及应用效果  

Storage ability and application effect of Trichoderma Tr-92 chlamydospores wettable powder

作　　者：张晶晶[1,2] 徐文[1,2] 黄亚丽[1] 黄媛媛[1] 贾振华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院生物研究所,石家庄050081 [2]河北工业大学化工学院,天津300130

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2017年第3期495-500,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：河北省应用基础研究计划重点基础研究项目(15962904D);国家"十二五"水污染控制与治理重大专项(2015ZX07204-007)

摘　　要：为评价木霉Trichoderma spp.厚垣孢子可湿性粉剂的储存性能及应用效果,采用稀释涂平板法测定了保存过程中木霉Tr-92分生孢子和厚垣孢子可湿性粉剂的存活率以及在黄瓜叶片上的定殖能力,并采用盆栽试验法比较了2种木霉制剂对黄瓜灰霉病的防效。结果表明,木霉厚垣孢子制剂贮存180 d时孢子存活率达到72.8%,显著高于分生孢子制剂的42.2%;喷施后7 d,木霉厚垣孢子制剂和分生孢子制剂在黄瓜叶片上的定殖数量分别为1 580个/cm^2和1 490个/cm^2,二者间存在显著差异,且厚垣孢子制剂定殖时间大于分生孢子制剂;1 000倍稀释的木霉厚垣孢子制剂对黄瓜灰霉病的防效达99.20%,与嘧菌酯的防效无显著差异,在喷施后7 d和12 d的防效均显著高于分生孢子制剂。研究表明,木霉厚垣孢子制剂的储存性能和对黄瓜灰霉病的防效均显著优于木霉分生孢子制剂。To clarify the storage ability and application effect of Trichoderma Tr-92 conidiospore and chlamydospore wettable powders（WPs）, the spore survival rate and colonization ability of two WPs on cucumber leaves were studied with the dilution plate method, and the disease control effect was determined by using the pot experiment. The spore survival rate of chlamydospore WP after 180 days storage was 72.8%, which was significantly higher than that of conidiospore WP（42%）. Compare with conidiospore WP, the chlamydospore WP had higher colonization ability and longer colonization time on cucumber leaves. The colonization number on cucumber leaves treated with chlamydospore and conidiospore WPs after seven days were 1 580/cm2 and 1 490/cm2, respectively. The control effect of chlamydospore preparations with 1 000 times dilution on cucumber gray mold was 99.20%, which was the same as azoxystrobin treatment. The control effects of chlamydospore WP were significantly higher than that of conidiospore WP after spray at 7 and 12 days. The results indicated that the chlamydospore WP had better storage and disease control effect than conidiospore WP.

关 键 词：木霉 厚垣孢子 分生孢子 可湿性粉剂 应用 

分 类 号：S436.421.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S482.292[农业科学—植物保护]