面向数控机床随机误差的加工优化方法研究  

Research on machining random error optimization method for NC machine tools

作　　者：罗世阳 夏鸿建[1] 黄运保[1] 陈新度[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学,广东广州510006

出　　处：《现代机械》2017年第4期12-17,共6页Modern Machinery

摘　　要：针对随机误差难以进行误差补偿,同时,随机误差在机床加工区域内分布不均的问题。提出一种根据机床随机误差分布规律,结合待加工零件尺寸精度要求,优化零件加工区域的方法,提升零件加工精度。首先采用多体系统运动学原理,建立机床随机误差对加工位置和姿态的关系;而后结合待加工零件精度要求,建立零件加工位姿的优化模型,并通过KS函数,将局部最优化问题,转化成全局可导优化模型;并针对零件位姿与优化目标和约束函数难以获得显式表达关系的问题,通过RBF响应面,建立优化元模型;最后通过优化算法进行寻优,优化零件加工位姿,提高零件加工精度。为验证所提方法的正确性和有效性,进行了仿真实验分析对比。Aiming at the problems of random error difficult to compensate and the random error is unevenly distributed in the machining area of machine tools,a method for optimizing the machining area of the parts is proposed. The method takes into account the rule of random error distribution of machine tool and the requirement of dimension precision of machined part.Firstly,the relationship between the machine tool random error and the machining position is established by the kinematics principle of multi-body system. And then according to the precision requirement of parts,the optimization model for position and posture of parts is established,and the local optimization problem can be transformed into a global optimization model through the KS function. The optimization element model is established through the RBF response surface. Finally,optimize the machining position and posture,improve machining precision. In order to verify the correctness and effectiveness,simulation experiments are carried to analyze and compare.

关 键 词：随机误差 加工精度 KS函数响应面 模型优化设计 

分 类 号：TH161.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]