论法国的违宪审查程序  

On the Constitutional Review Procedure in France

作　　者：王芳蕾 WANG Fang-lei

机构地区：[1]法国巴黎高等社会科学研究院 [2]法国德尚律师事务所

出　　处：《财经法学》2017年第4期138-153,共16页Law and Economy

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学基金重大项目"我国宪法实施制度的改进与完善"(项目编号:15ZDA02)

摘　　要：作为西方民主国家之一的法国,对违宪审查制度长期采取谨慎的立场。不同于其他国家的司法审查或者宪法法院审查的模式,第五共和国设立宪法委员会的初衷只在为政府权力保驾护航。历经数次改革,法国违宪审查在人权保护方面发挥着日益重要的作用,但一直以抽象审查为核心。2008年的宪法改革,将法国传统的司法机构——最高法院与最高行政法院作为合宪性先决问题的申请主体纳入了违宪审查的程序之中。法国的违宪审查,事前、事后审查并存,互相之间形成了有机的补充,这对法国宪政与人权制度的发展意义非凡。France took a very cautious attitude and developed slowly on the path of constitutional review,comparing with other western democracies.And France has its own model of constitutional view.At the very beginning,the setting up of constitutional Council was to protect the power of government from the infringement of Parliament.During its evolvement and reforms,the constitutional review mechanism plays a more and more important role in the protection of human rights.However,the French model is always a model of abstract review.The most recent constitutional reform in 2008,the two supreme courts,the Cour de Cassation and the Conseil d＇Etat,have been involved in the constitutional review system as a filter before going to Constitutional Council.The co-existence of review apriori and review a posteriori is a unique character of French model,and they collaborates harmoniously in its constitutional justice and human rights protection.

关 键 词：法国模式 违宪审查 抽象审查 最高法院 宪法委员会 

分 类 号：D956.5[政治法律—法学] DD911