基于物质平衡的对虾高位池循环水养殖系统设计与试验  

Design and test of mass balance-based recirculating aquaculture system for higher place shrimp pond

作　　者：杨菁[1] 管崇武[1] 宋红桥[1] 刘兴国[1] 顾兆俊[1] 郭益顿 Yang Jing Guan Chongwu Song Hongqiao Liu Xingguo Gu Zhaojun Guo Yidun(Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Seienees, Shanghai 200092, China Nanrong Aquatie Products （Shanghai） Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201700, China)

机构地区：[1]农业部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092 [2]喃嵘水产(上海)有限公司,上海201700

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第14期217-222,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD25B03);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2013)第6-4号);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(虾)(nycytx-46)

摘　　要：为建立一种高效、低成本的高位池循环水养殖系统构建技术,采用物质平衡相关原理,结合水净化设施构建技术,精准设计确立水处理系统物理过滤设施体积、生物过滤设施体积、循环量及供氧量等关键参数,并优化系统结构,建立融斜管沉淀设施、流化床生物过滤设施、增氧于一体的设施型高位池循环水养殖系统。应用该系统开展凡纳滨对虾运行试验,结果表明:p H值7.43~8.03,溶解氧5.32~7.82 mg/L,氨氮值0.06~0.54 mg/L,水质调控良好;系统养殖负荷2.26 kg/m3,饲料系数1.17,成活率81.3%,取得高效养殖生长结果;单茬利润3.34万元,亩均年利润2.67万元(按1年3茬计),获得良好经济效益。该研究系统主要参数设定值(预期值)与实测值吻合较好,可为高位池养殖模式可持续发展提供借鉴。Higher place shrimp pond is an important production mode in China＇s shrimp production mode, but there are problems such as low utilization rate of water resources and pollution of aquacultural waters. In this paper vannamei as an object, using material balance principle and water purification facilities construction technology, including total ammonia balance, nitrification reaction oxygen balance, dissolved oxygen balance and the relationship between surface load and sedimentation rate of inclined pipe precipitation facility. To construct a highly efficient, low-cost of high pool recirculating aquaculture system, fluidized bed biological filtration facility volume were calculated using total ammonia balance. Based on the principle of dissolved oxygen balance, the oxygen demand of the system was calculated based on the oxygen consumption of nitrification and the dissolved oxygen concentration. Several key parameters were precisely established, such as physical filtration equipment of water treatment system volume, the volume of biological filtration facility, the circulating volume, oxygen supply and so on. According to the calculation results as well as taking into account the structure of the facilities between the convergence, and considering management and other factors, structure parameters of the system were determined, and a high pool recirculating aquaculture system were established, which including higher place shrimp pond and corresponding water treatment facilities and equipment, belt filter, pipe chute sedimentation facilities, fluidized bed biological filtration facility, aerobics facilities, circulating pumps and so on. The main technical parameters were： Aquacultural water of the system were 2 800 m3, the designed cultural density load was 2.5 kg/m3, the circulated flow rate was 285 ma/h, the water supply was 3.5 ma/h and the power was 12.15 kW. The system covered an area of 2 750 m2. Application of the system to carry out vannamei breeding experiment in May 2015 lasted for 85 days, the results

关 键 词：养殖 设计 水处理 物质平衡 高位池 循环水养殖 

分 类 号：S969.19[农业科学—水产养殖]