俄罗斯“转向东方”战略评析——动机、愿景与挑战  

On Russia's "Turning East" Strategy:Motives,Vision and Challenges

作　　者：马博[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学中国南海研究协同创新中心

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2017年第3期49-75,共27页Russian Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(项目批准号:14ZDB165)的阶段性成果

摘　　要："转向东方"是当前俄罗斯整体外交战略中重要的一环。在俄国内,围绕着"转向东方",存在着优先发展能源出口产业和吸引投资两种不同的政策主张。"乌克兰危机"之后,俄政府开始加速实施这一战略。"转向东方"承载了普京政府发展能源经济、扩大地缘政治影响力、缩小俄东西部差距以及维持"亚太国家"身份四重战略目标。但在实施过程中,受到经济结构单一、亚太地区原有的地缘政治博弈和俄本身的"重欧轻亚"文化认同因素的制约,尚未达成预期效果。中国的经济体量和区域影响力使其成为该战略最为重要的目标国。Russia's 'Turning East' Strategy is crucial to its overall diplomacy. In Russia, the 'Turning East' Strategy has undergone two phases including prioritizing energy exporting industries and then giving preference to attracting investment. In the wake of the Ukrain crisis, the Russian government began to accelerate the implementation of this strategy. The 'Turning East' Strategy has four strategic objectives, namely, the Putin administration developing energy economy, expanding geopolitical influences, narrowing the gap between Russia's West and East, and maintaining its status as an 'Asia-Pacific' country. Nevertheless, so far this strategy has not achieved its desired effects due to the homogeneous economic structure, the given geopolitical game within the Asia-Pacific region and Russia's cultural identity orientated in Europe. China's economy and its regional influences make it the most important targeted country for this strategy. The effects of strategic conjunction with China will directly affect the prospects of Russia's 'Turning East' Strategy.

关 键 词：俄罗斯外交 俄罗斯转向东方 乌克兰危机 中俄关系 

分 类 号：D851.2[政治法律—政治学]