高效氯氰菊酯亚致死浓度对桃小食心虫生物学特性的影响  

Effects of sublethal concentrations of beta-cypermethrin on the biological characteristics of Carposina sasakii(Lepidoptera:Carposinidae)

作　　者：全林发[1] 仇贵生[1] 孙丽娜[1] 李艳艳[1] 闫文涛[1] 岳强[1] 张怀江[1] QUAN Lin-Fa QIU Gui-Sheng SUN Li-Na LI Yan-Yan YAN Wen-Tao YUE Qiang ZHANG Huai- Jiang(Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, Liaoning 125100, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2017年第7期799-808,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"苹果化肥农药减施增效技术集成研究与示范"(2016YFD0201100);国家自然科学基金项目(31601643)

摘　　要：【目的】本文旨在探讨高效氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin,β-cypermethrin)对桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii Matsumura生物学特性的影响,明确高效氯氰菊酯亚致死浓度处理后桃小食心虫亲代(F0)和子一代(F1)实验种群生长发育、存活和繁殖的状况。【方法】采用果实浸渍法测定高效氯氰菊酯对桃小食心虫初孵幼虫的亚致死浓度,采用DPS软件计算高效氯氰菊酯对桃小食心虫初孵幼虫处理24 h的LC_(10),LC_(20)和LC_(40)。运用特定时间生命表方法评估高效氯氰菊酯亚致死浓度对桃小食心虫F0和F1代生长发育、繁殖及种群相对适合度的影响。采用SPSS 21.0软件分析桃小食心虫各虫态的存活率、发育历期、成虫寿命、产卵量及生命表参数的差异显著性。【结果】根据室内生物测定结果,高效氯氰菊酯对桃小食心虫初孵幼虫处理24 h的LC_(10),LC_(20)和LC_(40)分别为0.146,0.267和0.579 mg/L。亚致死浓度的高效氯氰菊酯处理一定程度上降低了F0代和F1代种群存活率和雌蛾比例,并表现为随着浓度增加,蛀果率、脱果率、幼虫存活率、羽化率、后代卵孵化率降低及种群性比(♀/♂)减小。LC_(10),LC_(20)和LC_(40)的高效氯氰菊酯处理F0代初孵幼虫后,单雌日均产卵量分别为34.09,33.00和30.12粒,相对应的单雌产卵量分别为284.90,276.56和252.89粒,单雌日均产卵量和单雌产卵量分别显著低于对照的38.02和320.98粒,而F1代单雌日均产卵量分别为34.57,30.82和33.39粒,均显著高于对照组的27.97粒,单雌产卵量也有所增加,其中LC_(20)和LC_(40)处理组单雌产卵量(分别为304.45和298.31粒)显著高于对照的271.40粒;但各阶段的发育历期及老熟幼虫体重相比对照组均无显著差异。生命表参数分析表明,F0和F1代各处理的桃小食心虫种群净增殖率R0与对照相比显著降低且存在明显的浓度依赖特性,LC_(10),LC_(20)和LC_(40)处理组以及对照组F0代R0分别为124.36,114.33【Aim】This study aims to explore the effects of beta-cypermethrin（β-cypermethrin） on the biological characteristics of Carposina sasakii Matsumura,especially the sublethal effects of betacypermethrin on the development,survivorship and reproduction of the F0（parental） and F1 generations of C.sasakii.【Methods】The sublethal concentrations（LC_（10）,LC_（20） and LC_（40）） of β-cypermethrin against the newly hatched larvae of C.sasakii were determined by fruit-dipping method.The mortality of C.sasakii was recorded at 24 h after treatment and the LC_（10）,LC_（20） and LC_（40）values were estimated using DPS software.Sublethal effects of β-cypermethrin on the development and reproduction of the F0 and F1 generations were assessed by establishing a life table.The statistical differences of the survivorship and developmental duration,the adult longevity,the number of eggs laid per female and life table parameters of F0 and F1 generations were analyzed with SPSS 21.0.【Results】According to the bioassay results,the LC_（10）,LC_（20） and LC_（40）values of β-cypermethrin on the newly hatched larvae of C.sasakii at 24 h after treatment were 0.146,0.267 and 0.579 mg/L,respectively.Sublethal concentrations of β-cypermethrin reduced the survivorship and the proportion of female adults of F0 and F1generations.The values of boring rate,exiting rate,and survival rate of larvae,emergence rate and sex ratio（♀/♂） reduced with the increase of the insecticide concentration.After the newly hatched larvae of F0 generation were exposed to the sublethal concentrations（LC_（10）,LC_（20） and LC_（40）） of β-cypermethrin,the average numbers of eggs laid per female per day were 34.09,33.00 and 30.12,respectively;correspondingly,the numbers of eggs laid per female were 284.90,276.56 and 252.89,respectively,both were significantly less than those of the control（38.02 and 320.98,respectively）.When the newly hatched larvae of F1 generation were exposed to LC_（10）,LC_�

关 键 词：桃小食心虫 高效氯氰菊酯 亚致死浓度 生物学特性 生命表 相对适合度 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]