职业禁忌证者5年回顾性随访调查分析  

A survey of retrospective follow-up in occupational contraindications for five years

作　　者：张丽江[1] 于慧敏[1] 张亮[1] 路宝利[1] 刘军[1] 卢耀勤[1] 何华[1] ZHANG Li-jiang YU Hui-min ZHANG liang LU Bao-li LIU jun LU Yao-qin HE hua(Center for disease control and prevention of Urumqi, Urumqi 830002 Chin)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2017年第4期252-255,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：乌鲁木齐市科技局科技计划项目(Y141310036);乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心科研基金项目(SJK201311)

摘　　要：目的了解职业禁忌证者的岗位安置和职业卫生知识、态度及需求情况。方法对2010-2014年新疆乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心岗前职业健康检查检出的职业禁忌证者共计146例,为观察组;非职业禁忌证者150人作为对照组开展追踪随访和问卷调查。结果 5年职业禁忌证者的随访率为77.7%(146/188),以男性、青壮年、汉族和文化程度较高者居多。因检出职业禁忌证离开应聘企业者为50.7%,应聘在同类职业禁忌岗位工作者为31.5%,从事其他无职业有害因素工作的为19.2%;其他非职业禁忌岗位工作者为49.3%。职业禁忌证者对职业病防治知识的知晓率普遍较低,文化程度是影响知晓职业病防治知识的重要因素。态度的认知要好于知识的知晓率。职业禁忌证者对签订劳动合同、职业卫生培训、享有社会保险和通过新媒体(微信、QQ)开展健康教育咨询服务的需求较高。结论岗前人员亟需接受职业卫生知识培训,提高自我保护意识,有效预防职业病的发生。Objective To understand the job placement and occupational health knowledge,attitude and demand for occupational contraindications.Methods The 146 occupational contraindications which were detected from pre-employment health inspection in center for disease control and prevention as the observation group from 2010 to 2014.And 150 non occupational contraindication as control group.All of those received the follow-up and questionnaire survey.Results The 5-years follow-up rate was 77.7%（146/188）.Among them,the male,young adults,the higher degrees,the Han nationality had a higher proportion.About50.7%left from their original enterprises,about 31.5% worked in the same contraindication posts,about19.2% worked in other non-occupational harmful posts,and about 49.3% worked in the other nonoccupational contraindication posts.The awareness rate of knowledge on occupational disease prevention and control was generally low,and the degrees of education was an important factor to affect the knowledge of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases.The cognition of attitude was better than that of knowledge.The occupational contraindications had a higher demand on signing labor contract,the occupational health training,the social insurance and the health education consultation service through the new media（QQ）.Conclusions It is necessary to provide training of the occupation health knowledge,in order to enhance self-protection awareness and to prevent the occupation disease in pre-service personnel.

关 键 词：职业禁忌 回顾性 随访 分析 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]