笼养川金丝猴个体间行为时间分配及空间利用差异  

Differences of Time Budgets and Space Utilization in Captive Rhinopithecus roxellana

作　　者：张明睿[1] 滕丽微[1,2] 刘振生[1,2] 王爱善[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]国家林业局野生动物保护学重点开放实验室,哈尔滨150040 [3]上海动物园,上海200335

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2017年第3期347-354,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2572014CA03;DL13EA01);上海市绿化和市容管理局资助项目(F080401)

摘　　要：2012年11月~2013年5月,采用瞬时扫描取样法,对上海动物园内4只笼养川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)的活动时间和笼舍空间利用进行比较研究。不同于其他行为学研究,本文利用环境优势将个体区分研究,统计个体对不同类型空间的利用情况来补充并解释川金丝猴的行为选择。结果表明,笼养川金丝猴休息行为最多,占56.80%。个体间在运动、理毛、摄食、自我梳理行为上差异极显著(P<0.01),亚成体运动时间与雌_2自我梳理时间明显高于其他个体。社会单元中雄性个体与雌_1个体进行的关联行为最多,其次为亚成体与雌_2个体。雄性个体与雌_1个体的行为具有排他性。空间利用率上,假山区利用最多(48.20%),主要用来休息。其次为丰容区(32.81%),是个体运动与采食的主要区域。前笼区占12.00%,与进行较多的乞食有关。个体间对不同区域的利用差异显著(P<0.05)。雄性个体和雌_1个体对假山区域利用较多,雌_2个体和亚成体对丰容区利用较多,亚成体对前笼区利用明显高于其他个体,雌_2个体对草地区利用明显高于其他个体。From November 2012 to May 2013, we studied the time budgets and space utilization of 4 Sichuan golden snubnosed monkeys （Rhinopithecus roxellana）by instantaneous and scan sampling methods in an enclosure at Shanghai Zoo. The differences between individuals were also compared and analyzed. In contrast to previous behavioral studies, we differentiated individuals and introduced the space factor to refine and explain how behaviors affect captive monkeys. Resting was the dominant activity, accounting for 57%. Individual monkeys varied in the amount of time expended in locomotion, grooming, feeding and self -grooming（ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The time spent Iocomoting by juveniles was much higher than for other age classes. Self - grooming by female 2 also occupied more time than for others. In this tiny social group, male 1 and female 1 moved together most frequently, and the intimacy of juvenile and female 2 was second in this category. Activities of male 1 and female 1 were exclusive. Golden monkeys most often occupied the rockery area（48% ）and mainly used this area for resting. This was followed by the enrichment area （33%）. Individual diurnal movement and feeding activities were concentrated at the visit area （ 12% ） where begging was recorded. Individual monkeys varied in their use of different areas（ P 〈 0.05）. Male 1 and female 1 used the reckery area more than others, juvenile and female 2 used the enrichment area more than others, female 2 used the grass area far more than others, and juvenile used the visit area far more than others.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 时间分配 空间利用率 瞬时扫描取样法 上海动物园 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]