Habitual Learning as Being-in-the-World： On Merleau-Ponty and the Experience of Learning  

作　　者：HE Jing Jespersen Ejgil 

机构地区：[1]Department of Philosophy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China [2]Centre for Adapted Physical Activity Participation Studies, University of Southern Denmark,Odense 5230, Denmark

出　　处：《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2017年第2期306-321,共16页中国哲学前沿（英文版）

基　　金：Acknowledgements This work is supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China （No. 15CZX015）, Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science Foundation （No. 2014EZX001）.

摘　　要：In Phenomenology of Perception, both intellectualism and empiricism were blamed for not grasping consciousness in the act of learning. This was, Merleau-Ponty thought, due to an objective volatilizing of the subjective role of the lived body in perception. In order to overcome the difficulties in the tradition of learning and the philosophy of consciousness, Merleau-Ponty＇s next important step was to take maximal grip as a central case of learning. To him, learning as being-in-the-world, basically has to be sketched out in embodied and socially contextualized situations. Drawing upon this asymmetrical identity from Merleau-Ponty, our argument in this paper is that learning is best understood as a phenomenon that involves the learner＇s engagement with the world and her intention to make sense of its structures. A new perspective is thus employed to present learning as an embodied and socially embedded phenomenon, which is always projected by habitual experience and involves transcendence. These characteristics of learning are brought together in an integral and comprehensive way and have relevance to studies of learning in institutions and in daily experience.In Phenomenology of Perception, both intellectualism and empiricism were blamed for not grasping consciousness in the act of learning. This was, Merleau-Ponty thought, due to an objective volatilizing of the subjective role of the lived body in perception. In order to overcome the difficulties in the tradition of learning and the philosophy of consciousness, Merleau-Ponty＇s next important step was to take maximal grip as a central case of learning. To him, learning as being-in-the-world, basically has to be sketched out in embodied and socially contextualized situations. Drawing upon this asymmetrical identity from Merleau-Ponty, our argument in this paper is that learning is best understood as a phenomenon that involves the learner＇s engagement with the world and her intention to make sense of its structures. A new perspective is thus employed to present learning as an embodied and socially embedded phenomenon, which is always projected by habitual experience and involves transcendence. These characteristics of learning are brought together in an integral and comprehensive way and have relevance to studies of learning in institutions and in daily experience.

关 键 词：LEARNING MERLEAU-PONTY EXPERIENCE maximal grip habitual being-in-the-world 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] S662.4[农业科学—果树学]