凝胶海绵垫结合翻身预防重症患者压疮的效果观察  

The Effect of Viscoelastic Sponge Mattress Combined with Turning Over during Preventing Pressure Ulcer for Critical Care Patients

作　　者：蒋琪霞[1] 李国宏[2] 刘海英 贾静[4] 朱亚君[5] 周奕 黄云娟 刘亚红[1] 范杰梅[1] 翁志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军南京总医院,江苏南京210002 [2]东南大学附属中大医院,江苏南京210009 [3]无锡第二人民医院,江苏无锡214002 [4]镇江市第一人民医院,江苏镇江212002 [5]靖江市人民医院,江苏靖江214504 [6]常熟第二人民医院,江苏常熟215500 [7]无锡人民医院,江苏无锡214043

出　　处：《护理学报》2017年第14期62-65,共4页Journal of Nursing（China）

基　　金：南京军区科技创新课题(14MS103);南京总医院面上课题(2013NYL014)

摘　　要：目的比较2种减压方案在重症患者预防压疮中的应用效果。方法采用分层区组随机化方法将入选患者1 194例分为观察组596例和对照组598例。观察组采用凝胶海绵垫结合4 h翻身1次,对照组采用气垫床结合2 h翻身1次,干预时间均为7 d。观察比较2组患者压疮发生率及舒适度。结果干预后观察组和对照组压疮发生分别2例(0.3%)、11例(1.8%),2组压疮发生率的比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.629,P=0.012)。2组患者舒适度得分比较差异有统计学意义(F=26.440,P<0.001),观察组比对照组舒适度得分高。结论 2种减压方案可有效预防重症患者压疮发生,压疮发生率均较低。凝胶海绵垫结合4 h翻身1次减压方案可提高重症患者预防压疮效果和舒适度。Objective To compare the efficacy and comfortability of 2 off-loading pressure programs in preventing pressure ulcers for critical care patients. Methods Totally 1,194 patients were randomly divided into trail group（n=596）and control group（n=598） with stratified blocked randomization method. A viscoelastic sponge mattress was used combined with turning over every four hours for 7ds in trial group and a low-air loss mattress combined with turning over every two hours for 7ds in control group. The incidence of pressure ulcer and patients＇ comfortability were compared. Results There were 2 and 11 cases of pressure ulcer in trial group and control group respectively, with an incidence rate of 0.3% and 1.8% respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant （X2=6.629, P=0.012）. Patients in trial group felt more comfortable than those in control group （F=26.440, P〈0.001 ）. Conclusion Viscoelastic sponge mattress combined with turning over every four hours is more beneficial to improving patients＇ comfortability and the incidence of pressure ulcer for critical patients in ICU.

关 键 词：凝胶海绵垫 减压床垫 预防 压疮 舒适度 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]