泌乳期奶牛尿液酸碱度与疾病的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis of urine p H and disease in dairy cows during lactation

作　　者：赵畅[1] 白云龙[1] 舒适[1] 范子玲 张江[1] 夏成[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2017年第8期121-124,共4页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD21B01-2);科技部星火计划(2012GA670001);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目(GA16B202)

摘　　要：为了研究尿液pH与奶牛生产性能和健康的关系,帮助牛场及早监控奶牛酸碱平衡紊乱状况,选择57头泌乳奶牛采集尿液(601份),并根据尿液pH分为酸性组(24头)、中性(正常)组(22头)和偏碱组(11头),将酸性组细分为极酸组(15头)和偏酸组(9头),调查尿液pH对奶牛泌乳量、发病率和淘汰率的影响,以及评估小苏打应用效果。结果显示:尿液偏酸的奶牛疾病发生率为83.33%,尿液偏碱的奶牛疾病发生率的为72.72%,尿液中性的奶牛疾病发病率为18.18%;尿液pH偏酸与瘤胃酸中毒、真胃变位、前胃弛缓/臌气、酮病、趾间皮炎/蹄叶炎呈负相关,且关联性强;而尿液pH偏碱的与乳房炎呈正相关,且关联性强;极酸组的淘汰率为26%,偏碱组为18%,偏酸组为0,中性组为5%;该牛场泌乳奶牛饲喂小苏打0.26 kg/头比0.19kg/头能更有效地控制尿液pH异常,减少相关疾病的发生,降低淘汰率,提高经济效益。In this experiment,601 urine samples collected from 257 lactating cows in an intensive farm were used to explore the effect of urine pH on lactation,incidence of diseases and culled rate,and to evaluate the baking soda action. Results showed that the incidence of disease was 83. 33% in cows with acid urine,72. 72% with alkaline urine,and 18. 18% with neutral urine. Acid urine negatively correlated with rumen acidosis,abomasum displacement,forestomach atony/rumen tympanosis,ketosis,interdigitalis dermatitis/laminitis; and alkaline urine positively correlated with mastitis. The culled rate was 26% for the very acid group,18% for the alkali group,0 for the acid group and 5% for the neutral group. And the abnormal urine pH could be more effectively controlled in lactating cows fed 0. 26 kg of baking soda per day per cow than 0. 19 kg per day per cow. Therefore,the addition of baking soda could reduce the incidence of diseases,decrease the cullted rate,and bring economic benefit to the graziers.

关 键 词：泌乳奶牛 尿液 PH 疾病 泌乳量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]