某部预选卫生士官学员健康素养现状调查及影响因素分析  

Investigation of health literacy status and its influencing factors among pre-selected medical non-commissioned officer trainees

作　　者：谢佳新[1] 高秋菊[1] 李健[2] 冯长龙[1] 宋春雷[1] 燕颖军[1] 

机构地区：[1]白求恩医务士官学校军事医学系,河北石家庄050081 [2]白求恩医务士官学校训练部,河北石家庄050081

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2017年第7期612-615,627,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：全军"十二五"重点课题(BWS11L047)

摘　　要：目的了解某部预选卫生士官学员健康素养水平,探索其影响因素。方法参考《中国公民健康素养调查问卷》(2012版),结合卫生士官人群特征和岗位任职特点设计制作问卷,采用整群抽样方法抽取某部672名预选卫生士官学员进行调查。结果收回有效问卷639份,其中具备健康素养的预选卫生士官学员比例为11.27%。女性、年龄(≥23岁)、文化程度(大学及以上)及具有医学背景者健康素养总得分(27.36±3.02;28.02±2.65;27.13±3.87;27.56±4.00),健康理念与基本知识得分(16.58±2.47;17.00±2.26;16.57±3.08;16.61±2.88)显著更高(P<0.05);女性、年龄(≥23岁)、具有医学背景及自身健康关注(非常重视)者健康行为得分(6.04±0.87;6.02±0.88;6.13±0.80;5.99±1.12)显著更高(P<0.05);汉族、文化程度(大学在读)者健康技能得分(4.67±1.40;4.86±1.45)显著高于其他人群(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果表明,年龄(AOR=1.61,95%CI:1.05~2.46)、医学背景(AOR=2.44,95%CI:1.34~4.43)和对健康关注程度(AOR=1.87,95%CI:1.15~3.04)是健康素养的影响因素。结论该部预选卫生士官学员健康素养水平较低,需对该人群加强健康教育,同时在培训中应重视营养学、常见传染病防治和现场急救技术等内容设置。Objective To understand the status of health literacy and its influencing factors among pre-selected medical non-commissioned officer （NCO） trainees in a troop. Methods The health literacy questionnaire was designed based on Chinese Health Literacy Questionnaire （Version 2012） and the characteristics of medical NCOs＇ positions, and then was used to carry out the survey among 672 medical NCO trainees who were randomly selected with cluster sampling. Results A total of 639 valid questionnaires were taken back, and the proportion of medical NCO trainees who had satisfied health literacy was 11.27%. Female, aged above≥23, higher education level, and medical education background were sig- nificantly associated with higher total scores for health literacy （27.36 ± 3.02, 28.02 ± 2. 65, 27. 13 ± 3.87, 27.56 ± 4.00, respectively） and scores for health awareness and knowledge （16. 58 ± 2.47, 17.00 ± 2. 26, 16. 57 ± 3.08, 16. 61 ± 2. 88, respectively） （P 〈0.05）. Female, aged above≥23, medical education background, and the attention to health were significantly associated with the scores for healthy behavior （6. 04 ± 0. 87, 6. 02 ±0. 88, 6. 13 ± 0. 80, 5.99 ± 1.12, respectively） （P 〈 0.05 ）. The medical NCO trainees of HaM nationality and having not graduated from colleges had significantly higher score for health skill （ 4. 67 ± 1.40, 4. 86 ± 1.45, respectively） （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multivariate analysis showed that age, medical education background, and the attention to health were independent influencing factors for health literacy （AOR=1.61, 95%CI： 1.05 -2.46; AOR=2.44, 95%CI： 1.34-4.43; AOR=1.87, 95%CI： 1.15 - 3.04, respectively）. Conclusion The health literacy of medical NCO trainees was relatively low. We should strengthen health education and put more attention to nutrition, control and prevention for common communicable disease, and first aid technique during the training for medical NCO trainees.

关 键 词：预选卫生士官 健康素养 健康行为 健康技能 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]