CSTR和MBR反应器的短程硝化快速启动  

Fast Start-up of Shortcut Nitrification in a CSTR and an MBR

作　　者：张婷[1] 吴鹏[1,2,3] 沈耀良[1,2,3] 闾刚[1] 徐乐中[1,2,3] Samwine Thomas 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]江苏省水处理技术与材料协同创新中心,苏州215009 [3]江苏省环境科学与工程重点实验室,苏州215009

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第8期3399-3405,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51578353);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20160356);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目;环境工程江苏省重点专业类项目;江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(16KJB610013);苏州科技学院科研基金青年项目(XKQ201504)

摘　　要：为实现短程硝化的快速启动,采用完全混合反应器(CSTR)和膜生物反应器(MBR)进行短程硝化启动性能对比研究,考察两个反应器在启动时间、氮素转化和污泥性能3个方面的差异.结果表明在进水C/N=1,温度为30℃±1℃,pH为7.5~8.0,DO为0.6~1.0 mg·L^(-1),结合缺氧/好氧比为1∶3(15 min∶45 min)和缩短HRT,CSTR和MBR分别运行56 d和44 d成功启动短程硝化,MBR启动周期较短.运行至第14 d、第28 d和第56 d时,CSTR和MBR亚硝累积率平均为51%、66%、89%和50%、71%、93%,硝酸盐氮生成速率(以NO_3^--N/MLVSS计)依次为7.4、4.0、1.7和7.6、3.5、1.0 mg·(g·h)^(-1),MBR在第28 d和第56 d表现出较高的亚硝累积率和较低的NO_3^--N产率,有利于短程硝化的快速启动.整个运行过程中,两个反应器内的亚硝化污泥均呈黄色,SVI在55~110 mL·g^(-1),MLVSS/MLSS稳定在0.6~0.8左右,良好的污泥性能为CSTR和MBR短程硝化的快速启动创造了有利条件.MBR在短程硝化快速启动中展现出更明显的优势.In order to achieve fast start-up of shortcut nitrification,a continuous stirred tank reactor（ CSTR） and a membrane bioreactor（ MBR） were selected for a comparative study about the start-up characteristic of shortcut nitrification. The differences in three aspects of the two reactors were investigated,namely start-up time,nitrogen transformation,and sludge performance. The results showed that the start-up of shortcut nitrification was successfully achieved in the CSTR and MBR after 44 and 56 days of operation,respectively,with influent C/N = 1,temperature around 30℃ ± 1℃,pH of 7. 5-8. 0,and dissolved oxygen（ DO） of 0. 6-1. 0mg·L^（-1）,as well as combining anoxic/aerobic ratio 1∶ 3（ 15 min∶ 45 min） with shortened hydraulic retention time（ HRT）. The startup period of the MBR was shorter. On the 14 th,28th,and 56 th day,the average nitrite accumulation efficiencies in the CSTR were51%,66%,and 89%,respectively,and 50%,71%,and 93% in the MBR,and nitrate formation rates of the CSTR was successively 7. 4,4. 0,and 1. 7 mg·（ g·h）^（-1）（ NO_3^--N/MLVSS）,respectively,and 7. 6,3. 5,and 1. 0 mg·（ g·h）^（-1）（ NO_3^--N/MLVSS） for the MBR. A higher nitrite accumulation efficiency and a lower nitrate formation rate were detected in the MBR on the 28 th and 56 th day,respectively,which could be beneficial to the fast start-up of shortcut nitrification. During the operation period,the shortcut nitrification sludge in the two reactors was yellow,the sludge volume index（ SVI） was between 55 and 110 mL·g^（-1）,and the mixed liquor volatile suspended solids（ MLVSS）/mixed liquor suspended solids（ MLSS） ratio was around 0. 6-0. 8. The good sludge performance created favorable conditions for the fast start-up of shortcut nitrification in both the CSTR and MBR. In conclusion,the MBR exhibited better performance in the fast start-up of shortcut nitrification.

关 键 词：短程硝化 完全混合反应器 膜生物反应器 快速启动 间歇曝气 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]