不同TOC/NH_4^+-N对厌氧氨氧化脱氮效能的影响  

Effect of Different TOC to NH_4^+-N Ratios on Nitrogen Removal Efficiency in the ANAMMOX Process

作　　者：王凡[1,2] 刘凯[1,2] 林兴[1,2] 周正[1,2] 李祥[1,2] 黄勇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]苏州科技大学环境生物技术研究所,苏州215009

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第8期3415-3421,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401103);国家自然科学基金项目(51478284;51408387);江苏省特色优势学科二期项目;江苏省水处理技术与材料协同创新中心项目

摘　　要：采用SBR厌氧氨氧化反应器,研究了不同TOC与NH_4^+-N比值对厌氧氨氧化反应器的脱氮效能的长短期影响.结果表明,在有机物短期影响时,反应器所能承受的最大TOC/NH_4^+-N为1.4,总氮去除速率可达0.26 kg·(m^3·d)^(-1).长期影响下,在TOC/NH_4^+-N小于0.4时,反应器可获得最高脱氮效能,总氮去除率为0.34 kg·(m^3·d)^(-1),TOC/NH_4^+-N大于0.4后,反应器脱氮效能持续降低,并且短期内厌氧氨氧化菌难以迅速恢复活性.利用q PCR(定量PCR)技术对长期影响前后反应器内菌种群落变化做定量分析,结果表明随着有机物的增加,反应器中的ANAMMOX菌数量从2.9×10^(11)copies·mL^(-1)减少至3.15×10^(10)copies·mL^(-1),在TOC/NH_4^+-N大于1.6的环境中,NH_4^+-N未能由厌氧氨氧化菌去除,厌氧氨氧化菌不能表现出生物活性.此时测得反硝化菌数量为3.0×10~9copies·mL^(-1),反应器中的NO_2^--N绝大部分由反硝化去除,虽然反硝化菌数量远少于ANAMMOX菌,但能表现出远超ANAMMOX菌的活性.The effect of the TOC to NH_4~＋-N ratio on nitrogen removal rate in an ANAMMOX sequencing batch reactor was studied for the short term and long term. Short-term results showed the maximum TOC/NH_4~＋-N that ANAMMOX could afford was 1. 4. At the same time,the rate of nitrogen removal was 0. 26 kg·（ m^3·d）^（-1）. The maximum nitrogen removal rate of 0. 34 kg·（ m^3·d）^（-1）was obtained when TOC/NH_4~＋-N was less than 0. 4 in the long-term experiment. Whereas the nitrogen removal rate of the reactor decreased continuously when TOC/NH_4~＋-N exceeded 0. 4,and it was difficult to recover the activity of the ANAMMOX bacteria in the short term.q PCR results showed that the amount of ANAMMOX bacteria dropped from 2. 9 ×10^（11）copies·mL^（-1）to 3. 15 × 10^（10）copies·mL^（-1）with the increase of organics. When TOC/NH_4~＋-N exceeded 1. 6,NH_4~＋-N could hardly be removed by the ANAMMOX bacteria,which were severely inhibited. The number of denitrifying bacteria was 3. 0 ×10~9copies·mL^（-1）; meanwhile,most of the NO_2^--N in the reactor was removed via denitrification.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 反硝化 有机物 TOC/NH4+-N 定量PCR 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]