中国农村代际多维贫困实证研究  

Empirical Research on the Rural Intergenerational Transmission of Multidimensional Poverty in China

作　　者：郭熙保[1] 周强[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济发展研究中心 [2]中南财经政法大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国人口科学》2017年第4期77-86,共10页Chinese Journal of Population Science

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"后金融危机时期我国经济发展方式研究"(编号:10JZD0016)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：文章构建了一个可分解的综合代际多维贫困指数,并结合1991~2011年中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据考察家庭代际多维贫困的流动性、不平等程度及教育回报率差异的致因。研究发现,同代人的多维贫困程度已从高维向低维转变,并且2000年以后子代贫困下降更为显著;教育贫困是代际间多维贫困的关键贡献因素,教育扩大了代内的能力不平等,从而造成贫困的不平等;教育回报率不仅有地区差异,而且在代际间存在显著差别,不同地区教育回报率的代际差异是多维贫困代际传递及流动性差异的主要致因;多维贫困的代际传递主要由父代贫困导致子代发展能力被剥夺,加之贫困环境的负面的影响,致使贫困子代无法享有与非贫困子代同等的发展权利或机会。这种自我循环和强化的内生关联性,增强了贫困家庭多维代际传递的倾向,扩大了不平等差距。Based on Alkire and Foster's dual-cutoff approach, this paper builds up a comprehensive and decomposable index of intergenerational multidimensional poverty, and explores the mobility, inequality level and its internal transmission mechanism from parent generations to filial generations with pooled regression model by using family panel data of Health and Nutrition Survey 1991-2011 in rural China. The results show that the degree of intra-generation multidimensional poverty has decreased significantly, and the reduction of poverty in filial generation has achieved remarkable effects after 2000. Education poverty makes the most contribution to multidimensional poverty; it expands the inequality of ability within generation and causes the inequality of poverty. The returns to education show not only regional differences, but also significant differ-ences between generations. The intergenerational difference in the returns to education in different regions is the main cause of the intergenerational transmission of multidimensional poverty and its' mobility. The intergenerational transmission of multidimensional poverty is mainly caused by the parent's poor status, which leads to the deprivation of development ability of offspring. The negative influence of the poor circumstance makes the poor filial generation unable to enjoy equal rights for development to non-poor filial generation. The self-circulation and intensification of endogenous mechanism reinforces the poor families' intergenerational transmission trend and inequality gap.

关 键 词：多维贫困 代际传递 不平等 教育回报率 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]