中国木质林产品贸易发展现状与特点分析  

Status and Characteristics of China's Wooden Forest Products Trade Development

作　　者：张少博[1] 田明华[1] 于豪谅[1] 胡明形[1] 王春波[1] 刘祎[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《林业经济问题》2017年第3期63-69,共7页Issues of Forestry Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(13YJA790106);北京林业大学青年教师中长期项目(2015ZCQ-JG-02)

摘　　要：基于国家林业局发布的《2016中国林业发展报告》和联合国粮食及农业组织发布的《林产品年鉴2014》的数据资料,分析了中国木质林产品贸易发展现状与特点。结果表明:中国木质林产品贸易增长速度快、贸易顺差大、贸易规模大、占世界比重高,是木质林产品贸易世界第一大国,中国木质林产品贸易明显呈现进口原材料、出口制成品的加工贸易特征,产品进口结构和出口结构均高度集中,产品进口市场结构和出口市场结构也比较集中,进口贸易产品价格上升,出口贸易产品附加值低,贸易条件趋于恶化。为此,中国应适度控制木质林产品贸易增长速度和贸易规模,打破"大进大出,两头在外"的加工贸易模式,着力提高国内木材资源供给能力,分散进口木材供应渠道,以质量竞争、品牌竞争取代数量竞争、价格竞争,优化木质林产品进出口贸易产品结构、市场结构,走效益为先的"内涵式发展"道路。⑴Background——With the increasing economic development,China has became a major countries of wooden forest products trade in the world.Mastering the developmental status and characteristics of China's wooden forest products trade are propitious to work out relevant industry policy and trade policy.⑵Methods——The data for this paper were main from China Forestry Development Report 2016 which published by State Forestry Administration and FAO Yearbook of Forest Products 2014 which published by the U-nited Nations Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).This paper analyzed the trade actualities and characteristics of China's wooden forest products through the methods of comparative analysis,concentration ratio,net barter terms of trade,etc.⑶Results——Based on the data of China's wooden forest products trade,China's wooden forest products trade has the following characteristics.Firstly,the annual growth rate of wooden forest products imports and exports in China from 1993 to 2015 are 12.52%and 18.45%much higher than in world.Secondly,the scale of wood forest products import and export in China are large and account for a high proportion in the world.Thirdly,China's wooden forest products trade has undergone a process from a trade deficit to a trade surplus.The trade surplus began to expand in 2008 and reached $8.883 billion in 2014,then rose to $14.636 billion in2015,which shows fairly large compared with other countries.Fourthly,importing raw materials and exporting manufactured goods are obviously characteristics of China's wooden forest products trade.Fifthly,the product structures of import and export are highly concentrated.The imports of wooden forest products in China were mainly paper pulp,round wood,sawn wood,recovered paper,paper and paperboard.The products of paper pulp,round wood,sawn wood,recovered paper,paper and paperboard accounted for 90.46% of the total imports of China's wooden forest products in 2015.The exports of wooden forest products in China were mainly furniture,paper and paper

关 键 词：木质林产品 国际贸易 加工贸易 产品结构 市场结构 

分 类 号：F752.652.4[经济管理—国际贸易]