页岩气开发油基钻屑真空热解资源化处理  

Resourses utilization of oil-based drilling cuttings vacuum pyrolysising in shale gas developing

作　　者：黄维巍 周泽军[2] 何勇[2] 闫梦洋[1] 夏世斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司,潜江433124

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第8期4783-4788,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家大型油气田及煤层气开发科技重大专项(2016ZX05060)

摘　　要：在页岩气开采过程中,因油基钻井液具有稳定性强、润滑力强等优势得以广泛应用,但也带来了油基钻屑处理问题。目前油基钻屑处理技术较落后,存在成本高、效果不理想等问题,探索一种高效油基钻屑处理技术非常紧迫。探讨了真空热解的各个条件对油基钻屑真空热解效果的影响,研究了不同热解条件下的热解特性并回收分析了热解油。研究结果表明:1)热解终温是影响油基钻屑热解效果的主要因素,随着热解终温、终温时间及真空度的提高,油基钻屑的热解效果提高;随着升温速度的提高,热解效果降低;2)油基钻屑热解的最优条件为:终温500℃,终温时间60 min,升温速度30℃·min^(-1)和真空度80 k Pa,在此条件处理后残渣含油率0.135%,低于国内外最严格排放标准值(0.3%),因此,真空热解资源化处理油基钻屑是可行的。Oil-based drilling fluids have been used widely in the development and exploitation of shale gas,with the advantages of high stability and resistance reduction,but problems of handling oil-based drilling cuttings with high oil content. The current oil-based drilling cuttings treatment technique has a high cost and poor effect;therefore,it is imperative to develop highly efficient treatment techniques for oil-based drilling cuttings. The pyrolysis characteristics of oil-based drilling cuttings in shale gas development were studied under different conditions,and the pyrolysis oil was recycled and analyzed. In addition,the final pyrolysis temperature,time at final temperature,heating rate,and vacuum degree were used in a tubular resistance furnace. The results show that：1） the pyrolysis temperature is the main factor influencing the pyrolysis efficiency of oil-based drilling cuttings,as the pyrolysis efficiency of oil-based drilling cuttings improved with an increase in the final pyrolysis temperature,time at final temperature,and vacuum degree,but decreased with an increase in the heating rate; and 2）the optimal conditions for pyrolysis of oil-based drilling cuttings were as follows： final pyrolysis temperature of500 ℃,time at final temperature of 60 min,heating rate of 30 ℃ ·min^-1,and vacuum degree of 80 k Pa. The oil content of the residue after pyrolysis decreased to 0. 135% under the optimal conditions,which completely conforms to the strictest standard of 0. 3% oil content. Therefore,it is feasible to achieve resource utilization of oil-based drilling cuttings by vacuum pyrolysis.

关 键 词：页岩气 油基钻屑 真空热解 资源化 热解油 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]