婴儿早期喂养行为及与生长发育的关系研究  

Study on the correlation between early feeding behaviors and physical development of infants

作　　者：夏浩业 朱一民[1] 刘坦[1] 代旭[1] 朱文丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100191

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第16期2955-2959,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解3月龄内婴儿喂养行为,分析其与婴儿生长发育的关系。方法采用方便抽样的方法,在北京等7地依托当地妇幼保健院抽取3月龄内的婴儿及其母亲各500例进行调查,自拟调查问卷获得调查对象人口学特征及婴儿喂养行为,当地儿保医生测量获得婴儿体格发育资料。结果婴儿早期喂养行为评分中位数为5分,低得分组占25.4%,中得分组占35.0%,高得分组占39.6%。婴儿出生1 h内早吸吮率为53.4%,哺喂初乳率为95.7%,奶瓶喂养率为57.5%。母亲文化程度高、非早产、自然分娩的婴儿喂养行为得分较高(P<0.05)。分析发现喂非母乳奶的婴儿发生体重不足的风险更高(OR=2.733,95%CI:1.346~5.551),采用奶瓶喂养的婴儿超重肥胖的可能性更低(OR=0.331,95%CI:0.143~0.768),有除母乳外的其他液体食物喂养(OR=0.538,95%CI:0.302~0.959)、奶瓶喂养(OR=0.492,95%CI:0.275~0.882)的婴儿发生超重的可能性更低。结论婴儿早期喂养行为得分较低者较多,母亲文化程度低、剖宫产、早产可能是婴儿喂养行为的危险因素,喂养非母乳奶更易发生体重不足,而采用奶瓶喂养及有除母乳外其他液体摄入的婴儿更不易发生超重肥胖。Objective The aim of this study was to understand early feeding behaviors of infants under 3 months, in order to explore the relation between feeding behaviors and physical development. Methods A method of convenient sampling was performed to select 500 infants less than 3 months. The mothers of the infants were from Beijing and other places. The questionnaire was designed, and demographics and feeding behaviors information was obtained from respondent. Pediatricians measured infants＂ body to acquire physical development information. Results The median of feeding behavior score was 5. The proportion of low score group was 25.4%. The proportion of average score group was 35.0%. And the proportion of high score group was 39.6%. 53.4% of the infants had breast-feeding initiated within the first hour of birth. 95.7% of infants received colostrum. 55.7% were fed with bottles. Infant feeding behaviors were associated with maternal educational level, whether it is premature, and delivery way （P〈0.05）. We found that feeding non-breast milk babies had a higher risk of underweight （OR=2.733, 95%CI： 1.346-5.551）, and bottle-feeding babies were less likely to be overweight and obese （OR= 0.331, 95%CI： 0.143-0.768）. There was a lower chance of overweight in infants with other liquid food except breast milk （OR=0.538, 95%CI： 0.302-0.959）. Bottle-feeding babies had a lower risk of overweight （OR=0.492, 95%CI： 0.275-0.882）. Conclusion The proportion was high for infants with low scores of early feeding behavior scores. Low degree of mother culture, cesarean section, premature birth might be risk factors for infant feeding behaviors. Feeding non-breast milk infants were more likely to show underweight. The infants with bottle-feeding and other liquid food except breast milk had a lower risk of overweight and obese.

关 键 词：婴儿 早期喂养行为 影响因素 生长发育 关系 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]