远海实时GPS潮汐的实时精密单点定位观测  

Real-time GPS tide measurement in the open sea based on RT-PPP technology

作　　者：臧建飞 范士杰[1] 易昌华 秦学彬 陈冠旭 华亮 ZANG Jianfei FAN Shijie YI Changhua QIN Xuebin CHEN Guanxu HUA Liang(School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China BGP Equipment, CNPC, Zhuozhou, Hebei 072751, China Survey Center of BGP Offshore, CNPC, Tianjin 300280, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]东方地球物理公司装备服务处,河北涿州072751 [3]东方地球物理公司大港物探处测量设备服务中心,天津300280

出　　处：《测绘科学》2017年第8期79-84,共6页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41274011,41374044)

摘　　要：针对传统事后精密单点定位技术的时间延迟问题，该文基于IGSRTS实时数据流产品，开展了实时精密单点定位技术在远海实时GPS验潮中的应用研究。对RTS改正的实时精密卫星轨道和钟差进行了精度验证和分析，给出了RT-PPP的数据处理策略以及实时GPS验潮的基本流程；组织和实施了渤海湾船载GPS验潮试验，以压力式验潮仪数据为参考，对远距离实时GPS潮汐测量结果进行了精度分析。结果表明：①以IGS最终卫星轨道和钟差产品为参考，RTS实时精密卫星轨道在X、Y、Z方向的精度（RMS）均优于3cm，卫星钟差的精度优于0．15ns；②采用傅里叶低通滤波方法，消除波浪对潮汐观测的影响，进一步提取潮位信息。在忽略船体姿态改正的情况下，实时精密单点定位验潮相对于压力式验潮仪结果的最大偏差优于20cm，RMS达到7．5cm。In light of the lengthy delays of the traditional precise point positioning（PPP） technology, based on IGS real time service （RTS） correction products, the real-time precise point positioning（RT- PPP） technology and its application in GPS real-time tide measurement over the open sea were investigated. Firstly, the data processing strategies of RT-PPP and the procedures of real-time GPS tide measurement were presented, and the accuracy of satellite ephemeris and clock offsets calculated using RTS corrections was analyzed. Then the long distance real-time ship-borne GPS tidal measurement test was carried out in the Bohai Gulf. The results showed that： （1）comparing with the IGS final precise satellite e- phemeris and clock offsets products, the RMS of the ephemeris from RTS products in X, Y and Z compo- nents are both better than 3 cm and the RMS of clock offsets is less than 0. 15 ns;（2）using Fourier low- pass filter method to eliminate the wave influence on tidal observation, in the case of ignoring the attitude correction, the maximum deviation of tidal level acquired using RT-PPP technology is better than 20 cm comparing with the pressure tide gauge and the RMS is 7.5 cm.

关 键 词：实时精密单点定位 实时数据流 潮汐测量 精密卫星轨道和钟差 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]