盐胁迫对海岛棉和陆地棉幼苗生长及生理特性的影响  

Effect of Salt Stress on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Sea Island Cotton and Upland Cotton Cultivars

作　　者：阿曼古丽.买买提阿力 拉扎提.努尔布拉提 高丽丽[1] 张巨松[1] 田立文[2] Amangul·Mambetale Lazati·Nurbulat Lili Gao Jusong Zhang Liwen Tian(College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University~Research Center of Cotton Engineering, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052, China Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/教育部棉花工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《植物学报》2017年第4期465-473,共9页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划(No.2014BAD11B02);新疆维吾尔自治区十二五科技支撑项目(No.201231102)

摘　　要：采用盆栽法,以海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense)品种新海21号、新海34号和陆地棉(G.hirsutum)品种新陆早50号、新陆早57号为材料,探讨了盐胁迫下海岛棉和陆地棉植株的生长、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质及丙二醛含量变化的差异。结果显示,随着盐浓度的增加,4个供试品种幼苗的生长、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率均呈不同程度的下降,而过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶及可溶性糖含量随着盐浓度的增加呈先增后降的趋势,脯氨酸和丙二醛含量均上升。不同品种之间,新海21号和新海34号受胁迫的影响程度小于新陆早57号和新陆早50号。在0.6%Na Cl胁迫下,海岛棉和陆地棉品种均表现出较好的耐盐性。而0.8%和1.0%的Na Cl胁迫对4个供试品种的生长抑制作用大,导致新陆早57号和新陆早50号幼苗生长缓慢、叶面积小、干物质积累少甚至死苗。在较高浓度的盐胁迫下,棉花品种幼苗第1片真叶展开受到显著抑制,可以作为棉花耐盐品种的筛选指标。Adopting a potting method with two Sea Island cotton varieties, Xinhai 21 and Xinhai 34, and two Upland cotton varieties, Xinluzao 50 and Xinluzao 57, as materials, we examined changes in growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, antioxidant enzyme activity, osmotic adjustment substances and malondialdehyde（MDA） content between Sea Island cotton and Upland cotton under Na Cl stress. With increasing salt concentration in soil, the growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate indicators declined to different degrees in the four varieties, whereas peroxidase（POD）, superoxide dismutase（SOD） and soluble sugar content showed a trend of increasing first in level and then decreasing with increasing salt concentration, proline and malondialdehyde content. Xinhai 21 and 34 showed less impact of stress than Xinluzao 57 and 50. Under 0.6% Na Cl, the Sea Island cotton and Upland cotton cultivars showed good salt tolerance. The difference in salt tolerance between the two cultivated species was not significant. However, the growth of the four varieties was inhibited under 0.8% and 1.0% Na Cl stress. Xinluzao 57 and 50 seedlings grew slowly, with small leaf area and little dry matter accumulation and even death. Leaves of cotton seedlings were sensitive to salt stress; the growth of leaf width and leaf length was inhibited with increasing salt concentration, which could be used as an index to select salt-tolerant varieties.

关 键 词：NACL胁迫 海岛棉 陆地棉 生理特性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]