带型对小麦间作玉米产量和种间竞争力的影响  

Effects of Rows Arrangement on Yield and Interspecific Competition of Intercropped Wheat and Maize

作　　者：陈国栋[1] 万素梅[1] 冯福学 柴强 赵宏福 陈锦锋 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2017年第7期990-997,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360323);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B10);塔里木大学校长基金(TDZKJC201606)~~

摘　　要：以小麦/玉米间作为对象,设置3种不同带型模式(小麦/玉米行比为6:2、6:3和6:4),研究间作体系中带型改变对种间竞争力和群体产量的影响,旨在为间作高产优化带型提供依据。结果表明:试验采用的3种小麦/玉米间作模式均具有明显的产量优势,各处理的土地当量比(LER)均大于1。间作优势随玉米行数的增加呈增大趋势,6:4(W6M4)模式的LER、时空当量比和土地利用率分别较6:3(W6M3)模式高3.5%、5.2%和4.3%,较6:2(W6M2)模式高3.0%、8.1%和5.2%。增加玉米行数能够显著提高小麦相对玉米的种间竞争力(A_(wm)),6:4间作处理的A_(wm)分别较6:3模式和6:2模式高7.3%和14.1%。复合群体产量与种间竞争力呈显著的线性增长关系。因此,提高间作小麦的竞争力有利于间作群体整体产量的提高,6:4模式获得较高产量的主要原因之一是提高小麦的相对竞争力。In a field experiment,the response of interspecific competition and crop yield to different wheat to maize row ratio（6：2,6：3 and 6：4） in wheat/maize intercropping system was investigated.The results showed that land equivalent ratio of each treatment exceeded 1,and had a significant yield advantage.Yield advantage increased with the increase of maize row,LER,ATER and LUE%of 6：4（W6M4） were 3.5%,5.2%and 4.3%,respectively higher than 6：4（W6M3）,and 3.0%,8.1%,and 5.2%higher than 6：2（W6M2） treatment.Aggressiveness of wheat to maize（Awm）could been significantly improved by increase of maize row.Awm of W6M4 were,respectively,7.3%and 14.1%higher than W6M3 and W6M2 treatment.Positive linear relations between Awm and yields of intercropping system were observed in the field experiment.Therefore,improving wheat/maize competitiveness in a moderately way in intercropping systems could increase yield.

关 键 词：带型 小麦间作玉米 作物产量 种间竞争力 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S513