民航飞行员超重和肥胖状况及相关疾病分析  

Prevalence of overweight and obesity and related diseases in civil aviation pilots

作　　者：邓明钊 张传印[1] 张丹 李强[1] 雷方[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国南方航空股份有限公司航空卫生管理部,广州510405 [2]解放军第四五八医院空勤科南航空勤人员健康管理基地,广州510600

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2017年第2期87-91,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 通过对2015年度某民用航空公司飞行员体质指数及其相关疾病的分析,为预防和控制飞行员超重和肥胖提供航空医学管理的依据.方法 采用回顾性研究方法,将2015年度参加体检的3 134名民航飞行员,按照年龄分组,比较各年龄组不同体质指数的检出率,分析体质指数与年龄的相关性;按体质指数分组,比较不同体质指数组飞行员年龄及高血压、高甘油三脂血症等疾病的患病率,以及总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖水平.结果 民航飞行员年龄与体质指数呈微弱正相关（r=0.232,P＜0.05）;飞行员高血压、高甘油三酯血症、混合型高脂血症、高尿酸血症、脂肪肝、糖耐量异常及糖尿病的患病率随着体质指数的增大而明显增高（x2=7.783～476.795,P＜0.05）.不同体质指数组飞行员的年龄及总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和空腹血糖水平的差异有统计学意义（F=16.046～157.706,P＜0.05）.结论 体质指数是体现飞行员高血压、脂肪肝、高血脂、糖尿病等疾病的重要危险指标.实行个性化管理,将飞行员的体质指数控制在合理范围内是预防心血管疾病的重要措施.Objective To provide aeromedical management reference for preventing and controlling the overweight and obesity in pilots by a retrospective analysis on body mass index （BMI） and related diseases for the pilots of a civil airline in 2015.Methods The method of retrospective study was applied on 3 134 civil pilots who accepted annual physical examination in 2015 and were grouped by age.The detection rate of abnormal body mass index （BMI≥24 kg/m2） was compared among different age groups and the relationship between BMI and age was analyzed.The pilots also grouped by the level of BMI.The prevalence rate of hypertension,hyperlipidemia and other diseases were compared among different BMI groups,as well as such physiological and biochemical indexes as total cholesterol （TC）,triglyceride （TG）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and fasting plasma glucose （FPG）.Results Age and BMI of the civil aviation pilots were weak positive correlation （r=0.232,P〈0.05）.The detection rate of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,combined hyperlipidemia familial,hyperuricemia,fatty liver,impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes increased significantly with the increasing of BMI （x2 =7.783-476.795,P〈0.05）.The age and physiological and biochemical indexes of TC,TG,HDL,LDL-C and FPG were significantly different among different BMI groups （F=16.046-157.706,P〈0.05）.Conclusions BMI is an important risk indicator for hypertension,fatty liver,hyperlipidemia and diabetes.The individualized management of controlling the pilot＇s BMI in a normal range is an important measure to prevent the cardiovascular diseases.

关 键 词：体质量指数 超重 肥胖症 危险因素 飞行员 

分 类 号：R856.5[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R851.5[医药卫生—临床医学]