语言、方法及材料——传统营造体系的大木作工作图件系统系列研究  

Language,Method and Material:Serial Research on Working Drawing System of Structural Carpentry in Traditional Construction

作　　者：张玉瑜[1] 石宏超[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院,杭州310058 [2]中国美术学院建筑艺术学院,杭州310024

出　　处：《新建筑》2017年第4期140-145,共6页New Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51108404;51678516);十二五国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK14B04)

摘　　要：传统大木匠师在团队营造过程中所使用的工作圉件系统与现代建筑图学具有极大差异。通过对闽浙地区传统大木作七类工作图件的绘制原理、作用及目的的研究,揭示出大木作工作图件系统的四大特征:数据的转化、对数值的关注、实寸设计、营造工具化与标准尺。工作图件使设计信息的传递、营造标准尺度的建立及校核检验的标准这三个控制营造质量的关键技术能相互转化衔接,形成一套与营造技艺互为表里的有序的工作模式,在营建一体化的传统营造体系下,对于促进营造活动高效有序运作具有关键的作用。Compared with modern architectural drawings, there is great difference for the working drawing system used in the teamwork of construction by traditional structural carpenters. This research has been done on the principles, functions and purposes of seven types of working drawings of traditional structural carpentry in Zhengjiang and Fujian regions, and four features of the working drawings have been concluded as transference of data, attention on numerical value, design with real measurement, and drawing as construction tool and standard ruler. The three key techniques of controlling construction quality, namely transferring the design information, establishing standard construction measurement, and checking test standard, can be connected with each other by the working drawing system. In this way, a set of working pattern with order can be formed, interplaying with construction techniques and acting as the key role for promoting construction activity with high efficiency and order in the integrative traditional construction system.

关 键 词：大木匠师 工作图件 实寸设计 营造一体化 浙闽地区 

分 类 号：TU204[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]