大巴山国家地质公园岩溶景观空间分层结构及受新构造运动的影响  

Space hierarchy of karst landscape in the Dabashan National Geological Park and influence of the neotectonic movement

作　　者：付顺[1,2] 阚瑷珂[3,4] 马德芹[5] 肖进[6] 胡瑾[6] 李德昊[7] 徐墁泽 刘素[7] 李文韬[6] FU Shun KAN Aike MA Deqin XIAO Jin HU Jin LI Dehao XU Manze LIU Su LI Wentao(College of Management Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu , Sichuan 610059, China College of Geophysics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Emei Campus of Southwest Jiaotong University, Emeishan, Sichuan 614202, China Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, Deyang, Sichuan 650001, China College of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China Geomathematics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province ,Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学管理科学学院,成都610059 [2]成都理工大学数学地质四川省重点实验室,成都610059 [3]成都理工大学地球物理学院,成都610059 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所/资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [5]西南交通大学峨眉校区,四川峨眉山614202 [6]四川建筑职业技术学院,四川德阳650001 [7]成都理工大学旅游与城乡规划学院,成都610059

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2017年第3期396-406,共11页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质矿产调查评价基础研究计划项目"华南杨子古大陆演化及其资源效应"之"大巴山前缘及邻区构造与岩溶景观形成与分布研究"工作项目(1212011220902);四川省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究基地四川景观与游憩研究中心重点项目"万源八台山地质公园游憩区承载力评价研究"(JGYQ2016015)

摘　　要：大巴山国家地质公园岩溶景观种类齐全、组成系统完整,其发育和分布受构造控制作用显著。文章探讨大巴山国家地质公园岩溶景观特征及其空间分层结构受构造控制的作用机制,发现岩溶空间形态总体呈现掀斜式强烈抬升、河流深切的亚热带中低山峡谷岩溶特点,新构造运动间歇性隆升对岩溶景观垂向发育影响较为显著。岩溶发育的空间层位划分为三个高程层级,从下至上连续分段为440~700 m,700~1 200 m,1 200~1 890m。空间分层结构反映某一阶段地壳总体处于相对稳定的时期,发育水平岩溶系统(溶洞),后期地壳发生快速抬升,出现少量竖向岩溶系统(落水洞),溶洞的分布与相应的侵蚀基准面(现代河床、各级阶地)相适应。根据发育层级推测,研究区至少经历过四次规模较大的间歇性快速抬升构造活动,各级夷平面先后受喜马拉雅运动第Ⅱ幕和第Ⅲ幕影响。喜马拉雅运动多次间歇性快速抬升过程中,丰沛的地下水和地表水下切并快速溶蚀形成多层剥蚀台地。在新构造运动相对稳定期,有充分的条件循环交替溶蚀导致垂向、水平岩溶均出现较大规模发育。The Dabashan National Geological Park hosts various types of karst landscapes and complete composition systems,of which the development and distribution are obviously controlled by the structure.This paper presents the features of karst landscapes of this park and studies the control of neotectonic movement on its spatial hierarchy.It is found that overall the karst space is characterized by intense tilting uplift,deep river incision,and canyons of low-medium mountains in subtropical zones.It can be divided into three elevation levels;the first is about 1 200 to 1 890 m,the second is 700 to 1 200 m,and the third 440 to 700 m.Such a spatial hierarchical structure reflects that overall the crust was in a relatively stable period when horizontal karst（caves）developed followed by fast crustal uplift with a small amount of vertical karst systems（sinkholes）.The distribution of karst caves is adaptive with the corresponding base levels of erosion（modern riverbeds,terraces at all levels）.It is inferred that the research area has experienced at least four large-scale intermittent rapid tectonic uplifts.The planation surfaces at all levels were affected the II and II episodes of the Himalayan Movement.Incision of abundant groundwater and surface water resulted in multilayer denudation platforms during these tectonic processes.During the relatively stable period of the neotectonic movement,there were adequate conditions of alternating cycle dissolution,leading to development of large-scale vertical and horizontal karst.

关 键 词：大巴山国家公园 岩溶景观类型 空间分层结构 新构造运动 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学]