喀斯特旅游地生态安全动态评价与障碍因子分析——以桂林为例  

Dynamic evaluation of ecological security and analysis of obstacle factors in karst tourist destinations:An example of Guilin City

作　　者：鲍青青[1] 刘胜峰[2] BAO Qingqing LIU Shengfeng(School of Traffic Operations and Service ,Guilin Tourism University, Ouilin, Guangxi 541006 Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41000, China)

机构地区：[1]桂林旅游学院交通运营与服务学院,广西桂林541006 [2]中南林业科技大学,长沙410000

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2017年第3期407-414,共8页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技部支撑课题(2012BAC16B00)之子课题四(2012BAC16B04);桂林旅游学院科研项目(2013YB03)

摘　　要：喀斯特旅游地生态环境脆弱,动态监控喀斯特旅游地的生态安全并找出障碍因子对喀斯特旅游地可持续发展具有重大的意义。文章以生态安全理论为基础,应用PSR模型建立了喀斯特旅游地生态安全评价指标体系,通过模糊综合法对桂林2004-2013年的旅游生态安全进行了实证研究。结果表明:(1)2004-2013年的桂林生态安全状况呈现下降-逐步上升-保持平稳的状态,总体呈好转趋势;(2)2004-2013年间桂林不安全等级隶属度减小,临界安全等级隶属度增加,安全等级隶属度小幅波动,说明影响桂林生态安全的限制因子在逐渐减少,生态系统发展潜力较大,但桂林生态系统压力水平逐年增加,未来需警惕压力指标恶化;(3)桂林生态安全的主要障碍因子为旅游人数增长率、旅游经济密度、旅游用地综合利用水平、人均旅游收入和环保占GDP的比重。因此,建议通过控制旅游容量、提高旅游资源利用效率和建立旅游环境监测系统等措施来维护桂林旅游生态安全。Based on the ecological security theory,this paper makes a dynamic evaluation of ecological and analysis of obstacle factors in karst tourist destinations.Using the PSR model,an index system for evaluation of ecological security in karst tourist destinations is established.Using the fuzzy synthesis,the real situations of ecological security of Guilin City in 2004-2013 are analyzed as an example.The results show that the Guilin＇s ecological security status from 2004 to 2013 exhibited a trend from decline to gradual rise and then keeping steady,and overall upward.During this period,the unsafe level in Guilin reduced,while the critical safety level increased,with fluctuations of small amplitude,which means that the obstacle factors of Guilin ecological security were gradually decreasing and its ecosystem had a major potential of development.However,the pressure on Guilin＇s ecosystem is increasing year by year,implying that a caution to the trend to deteriorate in the future.The main obstacle factors of the ecological security in Guilin are the growth rate of tourism,tourist economy density and level of comprehensive utilization of the land for tourism,tourism income per capita and the proportion of environmental protection in GDP.Therefore,this study suggests the following measures to maintain the ecological security of Guilin：controlling amount of tourism,enhancing use efficiency of tourism resources,and establishing a monitoring system of the tourism environment.

关 键 词：喀斯特旅游地 生态安全动态评价 障碍因子 桂林 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F592[经济管理—旅游管理]