废水中磺胺甲噁唑在A/O-MBR工艺中的去除机理  

Removal Principal of Sulfamethoxazole in Wastewater Treatment in A/O-MBR

作　　者：赵亚奇[1] 温沁雪[1] 杨莲[1] 陈志强[1] 岳秀丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2017年第17期26-31,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07305001-005);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室自主课题(2015TS04)

摘　　要：抗生素药物在医院污水中广泛存在,传统的处理工艺对其未能妥善拦截,这些抗生素被排入城市污水厂后,将引起耐药菌及相应抗性基因的传播,进而影响水环境生态安全。为降低对城镇受纳水体的生态危害,揭示废水中磺胺甲噁唑(SMX)的去除机理,采用梯度驯化与批次试验的方法,分析磺胺甲噁唑对A/O-MBR工艺的影响及其降解、吸附和水解情况。结果表明,SMX对COD、氨氮的去除影响较小。SMX浓度的提高,会在短期内抑制反硝化活性,从而引起TN去除效果的波动。抗生素浓度从零逐步升高至3 mg/L时,厌氧释磷速率下降了46.65%,造成TP去除率下降29.16%。反应器经过一定的驯化后可对SMX产生较好的去除能力,SMX浓度从0.5 mg/L提高至1 mg/L以后,其去除率均在95%以上。生物降解是SMX的主要去除途径,吸附、水解作用对于SMX的去除贡献不足千分之一。Antibiotics exist commonly in hospital sewage and conventional process is not efficient in antibiotics removal. Antibiotics that entered the municipal sewage plant will cause the spread of antibi- otics resistant bacteria and resistance genes, which threatens ecological security of water environment. In order to reduce ecological risk to receiving waters and investigate the migration and transform of SMX in A/O- MBR, gradient acclimation and batch experiments were used in this research. Possible removal pathways like biodegradation, adsorption and hydrolysis of sulfamethoxazole in the A/O - MBR were ana- lyzed. The results showed that SMX had little effect on COD and ammonia removal. The increase of SMX concentration would inhibit temporarily the denitrification activity, which resulted in the fluctuation in TN removal. When the concentration of antibiotics increased from 0 to 3 mg/L, the rate of anaerobic phos- phorus release decreased by 46.65% , resulting in a decrease of TP removal efficiency by 29.16%. The A/O - MBR system showed a good ability to remove SMX after a proper acclimation, the average removal efficiency kept above 95% despite of the increase of SMX concentration. Biodegradation was the mainway for SMX removal, while adsorption and hydrolysis contributed little for SMX removal.

关 键 词：A/O—MBR工艺 磺胺甲口恶唑 活性污泥 生物降解 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]