外界因素对室内游泳池三氯甲烷浓度的影响  

Effect of External Factors on Chloroform Concentration and Biological Toxicity in Indoor Swimming Pool

作　　者：曾晓岚[1,2] 陈亮[1,2] 罗万申 吴茂嘉[1,2] 丁文川[1,2] 魏庆[1,2] 李廷荣[4] 赵欣[4] 张鑫[4] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [2]重庆大学低碳绿色建筑国际联合研究中心,重庆400045 [3]中国市政工程西南设计研究总院有限公司,四川成都610081 [4]重庆市沙坪坝区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400038

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2017年第17期32-36,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：重庆市卫生局医学科研项目(2013-2-199);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B13041)

摘　　要：为控制室内游泳池水和空气中三氯甲烷的产生,采用单因素试验分析p H值、温度和搅动速率等因素对三氯甲烷浓度的影响;并以淡水枝角水蚤和赤子爱胜蚓作为受试生物进行生物毒性试验,探讨了两种生物对室内游泳池水和空气中三氯甲烷的指示作用。结果表明,游泳池水中三氯甲烷浓度与p H值呈正相关,当p H值>7.5时,其生成量随p H值升高呈倍增长;当温度>25℃时,升高温度或增强水体搅动,均能促进三氯甲烷从液相至气相的传质过程;水中三氯甲烷浓度对淡水枝角水蚤24 h的LC_(50)为38.5μg/L,LC100为147.8μg/L;空气中三氯甲烷浓度>530μg/m^3时蚯蚓开始逃逸,>3 000μg/m^3时蚯蚓表现出完全的回避反应。故室内游泳池水p H值不宜超过7.5,夏季及人流量多时应注意通风。In order to control the generation of chloroform in water and air of indoor swimming pool, the effects of pH, temperature and stirring rate on chloroform concentration were examined by single factor test. And the biological toxicity test was conducted to investigate Daphrtia pulex and Eisenia fetida as the biological indicator on chloroform in the air and water of swimming pool, respectively. The results showed the chloroform concentration in water was positively correlated with pH, and its production in- creased in multiples with pH greater than 7.5. Both elevating the temperature of water when it was more than 25 ℃, and enhancing the agitation of water could promote the mass transfer process of chloroformfrom the liquid phase to the gas phase. The lethal chloroform concentration LCso and LC100in water for Daphnia pulex after 24 h were 38.5 μg/L and 147.8 μg/L, respectively. When the chloroform concen- tration in the air was greater than 530 μg/m3 or 3 000 μg/m3 , Eisenia fetida began to escape or showed complete avoidance reaction. Therefore, the optimum pH in the indoor swimming pool water is less than 7.5, and ventilation is necessaryespecially in summer or with large flow of people.

关 键 词：室内游泳池 三氯甲烷 影响因素 生物毒性 指示生物 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]