季铵化合物对生物硝化的抑制效应研究  

Effects of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds( QACs) on Bio-nitrification

作　　者：杜静轩[1] 李克勋[1] 刘东方[1] 孙洁[1] 张冲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2017年第17期103-106,112,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金资助项目(17JCYBJC23300);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2016YFC0400704)

摘　　要：采用呼吸试验测比耗氧速率和硝化速率,研究了季铵化合物对生物硝化过程的抑制效应。呼吸试验结果表明,季铵化合物的存在明显降低了硝化细菌的呼吸速率,在污泥浓度(MLVSS)为534 mg/L的情况下,季铵化合物浓度为2 mg/L就已明显降低了硝化细菌的呼吸速率,抑制率为19.88%。随着季铵化合物浓度的增加,抑制作用更加明显,浓度为5、10、20、35和50mg/L时,对应的抑制率分别为39.53%、47.76%、51.65%、77.29%和85.65%,当浓度增加到80mg/L时,硝化呼吸作用几乎停止。硝化速率试验结果表明,季铵化合物降低了氨氮氧化速率,抑制了氨氧化菌和亚硝酸盐氧化菌的活性,亚硝酸盐的累积随着季铵化合物浓度的增加而减少。在MLVSS为1 300 mg/L的情况下,加入浓度为10、20、30、50、60、70和90 mg/L的季铵化合物,对应的硝化速率抑制率分别为11.07%、37.52%、64.64%、81.88%、89.74%、92.55%和95.55%。当季铵化合物浓度<30 mg/L时,亚硝酸盐累积现象比较明显;浓度为50 mg/L时,季铵化合物已严重抑制了氨氧化细菌;当浓度>60 mg/L时,没有亚硝酸盐累积。硝化呼吸抑制试验中半抑制浓度为12 mg/L,硝化速率抑制试验中半抑制浓度为25 mg/L。The nitrification inhibition effect of quaternary ammonium compounds （LAGs） was in- vestigated in both batch respirometry and nitrifying rate experiments. The results of the batch respirometry rate experiments indicated that the presence of QACs caused a remarkable reduction in the specific respi- ration rate. When the QACs concentration was 2 rag/L, the respiration of nitrification was inhibited obvi- ously, at a rate of 19.88%. The higher the QACs concentration was, the stronger the inhibition effect on the respiration. When QACs concentration was 5 rag/L, 10 rag/L, 20 mg/L, 35 mg./L and 50 rag/L, the inhibition rate was 39.53% , 47.76%, 51.65%, 77.29% and 85.65%, respectively ; in addition, the respiration of nitrification was almost stopped when the concentration was 80 mg/L. The results of the batch nitrifying rate experiments indicated that the presence of QACs also caused a distinct reduction in the ammonia oxidation rate and the nitrate production rate, inhibited the activities both of the ammonia-ox- idizing bacteria and the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. The accumulation of nitrite declined as the increase ofthe QACs concentration. When the QACs concentration was 10 rag/L, 20 rag/L, 30 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 60mg/L, 70 mg/L and 90 mg/L, the corresponding inhibition rates were 11.07% , 37.52% , 64.64% , 81.88% , 89.74% , 92.55% and 95.55%. When below 30 rag/L, the accumulative phenomenon of ni- trite was evident; the effect on the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was significant when the concentration was 50 mg/L; the accumulation of nitrite disappeared when the concentration was above 60 mg/L. The 1C50 values of the two inhibition methods were 12 mg/L and 25 mg/L, respectively.

关 键 词：季铵化合物 生物硝化 抑制 比耗氧速率 硝化速率 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]