城市排水GIS系统拓扑模型的建立  

Study on Topology Model of Urban Drainage GIS System

作　　者：王萌[1] 史明昌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]北京地拓科技发展有限公司,北京100084

出　　处：《测绘通报》2017年第8期129-134,共6页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07304)

摘　　要：当前的排水管网拓扑模型由于忽略了排水管网的细节特征,致使拓扑关系过于简单,不能完成特定排水业务模型空间分析,在一定程度上阻碍了排水GIS系统的发展。基于图论理论,本文提出了城市排水GIS系统细致拓扑模型。首先,基于面向对象方法提出拓扑概念模型和逻辑模型,增加其拓扑关系描述的细节规则,以实现对客观世界的真实模拟。然后在数据结构设计中,采用十字链表作为存储结构,将其改进并与R+树进行关联生成空间索引。在空间分析中,本文基于R+索引和十字链表提出了空间查询和路径分析典型算法。最后以镇江市城市排水管网地理信息系统开发为例,对拓扑模型进行了开发实践。试验结果表明,本文提出的拓扑模型可以更真实模拟客观世界,提供更多种空间分析,完成海量数据快速访问,为实现城市排水GIS系统海量数据的高效空间分析提供解决方案。Current drainage network topology model is too simple to complete the spatial analysis for specific drainage business because of neglecting the details of the drainage network.To some extent, it hinderes the development of the drainage GIS system.Based on graph theory, the detailed topology model of urban drainage GIS system was presented in this paper.Firstly,on the basis of the object oriented method, topological concept model and logical model were put forward, which the detailed rules of the topolo^cal relation were increased so as to really simulate the objective world.In the design of data structure ,orthogonal list was adopted as a storage structure, and it was also improved as well as linked with R~ tree in order to generate spatial index.During spatial analysis designing, the typical algorithm of spatial query and path analysis based on R＋ index and orthogonal list was presented .With the example for development of Zhenjiang city drainage network geographic information system, the practice was carried out.Experiments show that the topology model proposed in this paper can better simulate the objective world, provide more spatial analysis, realize rapid access to huge data, and make a solution for efficient space analysis of city drainage system GIS that combined with huge data.

关 键 词：排水GIS 空间分析 拓扑模型 R+树 十字链表 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]