三峡工程截流技术  

River closure technique of the Three Gorges Project

作　　者：孙志禹[1] 陈先明[1] 朱红兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团公司,北京100038

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2017年第8期785-795,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(编号:2008BAB29B02)资助项目

摘　　要：三峡工程建设采用"三期导流、明渠通航"的施工导流方案,大江截流最大水深60 m、实测最大流量11600 m^3 s^(-1)大,河床深厚覆盖层达20 m,截流过程潜在堤头坍塌风险;明渠截流最大设计流量10300 m^3 s^(-1)、落差4.11 m、龙口流速7 m s^(-1)、水深20 m,明渠基面平整光滑、不利抛投料稳定,截流进占抛投强度11.46万立方米/日;大江截流和明渠截流均需兼顾施工期通航要求.大江截流采用"预平抛垫底,上游单戗立堵、双向进占,下游尾随进占"的截流方案;导流明渠截流采用"垫底加糙、双戗立堵、上游双向进占、下游单向进占"的方案.大江截流和明渠截流的综合困难程度乃世界截流史所罕见,两次截流的成功实施,标志中国河道截流技术跻身世界领先地位.The construction diversion scheme, diversion in three stages and navigation through open channel, was adopted for the Three Gorges Project. The main river closure has such features as deep water, large discharge, deep overburden on the riverbed, and potential slump risk of the dyke end. While large discharge, high drop, high flow velocity in closure gap, lower stability of dumped material because of the fiat and smooth foundation in open channel, and extremely high dumping strength during river closure, are main construction features of the open channel closure. And navigation during construction should be satisfied in both main river closure and open channel closure. The river closure scheme, horizontal bedding dumped in advance, upstream single vertical embankment from both sides, and downstream dyke advancing afterwards, was applied in main river closure. And the approach, roughening with bedding course in advance, bi-embankment, upstream dyke advancing from both sides, and downstream in one direction, was taken for open channel closure. The two successful river closures is a sigh that China has ascended to the top tier in river closure technique, because the comprehensive difficulty of main river closure and open channel closure is rarely seen in the world.

关 键 词：三峡工程 大江截流 明渠截流 截流技术 

分 类 号：TV551.2[水利工程—水利水电工程]