半胱胺盐酸盐对泌乳中期热应激奶牛生产性能的影响  

Effects of Cysteamine Hydrochloride on Performance of Heat-Stressed Mid-Lactating Dairy Cows

作　　者：吕中旺[1,2] 刘辉[2,3] 刘威[2] 卜登攀[2] 孙鹏[3] 王加启[1,2,4] 余雄[1] 杨开伦[1] 王志明 于青 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]北京奶牛中心,北京100192 [4]农业部奶及奶制品质量监督检验测试中心(北京),北京100193 [5]天津梦得集团今日健康乳业有限公司,天津300400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2017年第8期2777-2784,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：基金项目:“十二五”科技支撑(2012BAD12B02-5);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究散栏式饲养方式下,饲喂半胱胺盐酸盐对泌乳中期热应激奶牛生产性能的影响。选择48头健康荷斯坦奶牛[体重(562.25±37.85)kg,泌乳天数(123.64±10.67)d,胎次(1.23±0.42)胎,日产奶量(26.58±1.58)kg],根据体重、泌乳天数、产奶量相同或相近的原则,随机分成4组(每组12头),对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加半胱胺盐酸盐3、15、30 g/kg。预试期12 d,正试期30 d。结果显示:随半胱胺盐酸盐添加剂量的增加,奶牛呼吸频率和直肠温度呈显著的线性降低(P<0.05);干物质采食量、乳脂较正乳产量、能量校正乳产量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率均呈先升高后降低的显著的二次曲线变化(P<0.05),并且以添加3 g/kg组的效果较好;正试期末,3、15 g/kg组血清甲状腺素浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),15 g/kg组血清皮质醇浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果提示,半胱胺盐酸盐能有效缓解散栏饲养的泌乳中期奶牛热应激,提高产奶量和乳品质,本试验条件下,饲粮中添加3 g/kg半胱胺盐酸盐较为适宜。This study aimed at researching the effects of cysteamine hydrochloride （ CSH） on performance of mid-lactating cows suffered from heat stress in free stall barn. Forty-eight healthy mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with body weight of （562.25±37.85） kg, milk yield of （26.58±1.58） kg, （1.23±0.42） parities and （123.64±10.67） d in milk were randomly divided into 4 groups （12 cows per group）. Cows in 4 groups were fed diets containing 0 （ control） , 3, 15 and 30 g/kg CSH in diet, respectively. The pre-trial lasted for 12 d, and the trial lasted for 30 d. The results showed as follows： with the increase of CSH supplemental level, re-spiratory rate and rectal temperature was linearly significantly reduced （ P〈0.05）; dry matter intake, 4% fat-corrected milk yield, energy-corrected milk yield, milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage were qua-dratically significantly change of firstly increased and then decreased （P〈0.05）, and 3 g/kg group showed better effects; at the end of trial period, compared with control group, serum thyroxin concentration in 3 and 15 g/kg groups was significantly decreased （ P〈0.05） , and serum cortisol concentration in 15 g/kg group was significantly increased （ P〈0.05） . The results indicate that CSH can effectively relief heat stress of mid-lacta-ting cows in free stall barn, and increase milk yield and milk quality. The optimum CSH supplemental level in diet is 3 g/kg under the conditions in the present study.

关 键 词：半胱胺盐酸盐 热应激 产奶量 乳成分 血清激素 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学] S816.7[农业科学—畜牧兽医]