城市职住空间匹配特征及其影响因素研究——以天津市为例  

Study on Characteristics of Job-housing Spatial Balance and Its Influencing Factors: A Case Study in Tianjin

作　　者：王振坡[1] 奚奇[2] 王丽艳[1] 宋顺锋[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学经济与管理学院,天津300384 [2]天津城建大学建筑学院,天津300384 [3]美国内华达大学(里诺)经济系,美国里诺89557

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2017年第8期I0023-I0028,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"新型城镇化进程中我国城镇规模分布及其演进机理研究"(13BJY054);"十二五"天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划项目"新型城镇化与城市可持续发展"(TD12-5063)

摘　　要：基于《2016年天津市交通与住房调查问卷》数据,从行政区、家庭、职业三个层面,利用核密度估计法、职住平衡指数、空间错位指数等方法刻画天津市中心城区居民职住空间匹配特征,并以居民家庭属性、经济特征、社会制度为切入点分析职住空间匹配特征的影响因素。研究发现,中心城区职住空间匹配程度呈现"区内差异较大,区间差异较小"的特点;其中是否有子女接送、通勤成本以及户籍制度等因素对职住失衡程度影响显著,并且不同家庭与职业类型的职住空间匹配特征呈现较强差异。在此基础上,从公共服务、交通建设与土地利用等方面提出相应对策建议。Based on Tianjin Traffic and Housing Survey Questionnaire 2016, the paper analyzes the job and housing spatial matching characteristics of Tianjin residents from the administrative, family and occupational three aspects by using the methods of kernel density estimation, job-housing balance index and spatial mismatch index. Then, the paper analyzes the influencing factors of job-housing balance from three aspects： household characteristics, economic characteristics and institutional features. The results show that, the job-housing special match among central area shows convergence characteristics of ＂the differences within area are large while the differences between areas are small＂. Among all the influencing factors, whether children need to be picked up, commuting cost and the household registration system are the three most important factors that affecting the job-housing balance of urban residents. Also, the job-housing spatial matching characteristics of different occupation or family types show obvious differences. One these basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions from the aspects of public service, traffic construction and land use.

关 键 词：职住匹配 核密度估计 平衡指数 空间错位 

分 类 号：TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]