基于古建木构文物修缮的木材抗弯性能实验研究  

Research on the flexural performance of ancient wood based on the restoration of cultural relics

作　　者：于金财 陈金永[1] 师希望[1] 牛庆芳[1] 万佳[1] 李铁英[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学建筑与土木工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2017年第4期62-66,共5页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51338001;51278324)

摘　　要：受自然作用、人为因素及材性退化的影响,已有数百年甚至千年历史的古建筑木结构构件及斗栱节点存在不同程度的损伤,需进行合理修缮加固。而在木结构修缮选材中,抗弯弹性模量是需要考虑的一项重要指标。为了找到更合适的古建筑修缮加固用材,本研究选用五种木材进行横纹径向、弦向和斜向抗弯测试,采用力学试验机以及自制的力传感器通过电阻应变采集仪分别记录了五种木材所受力和位移的关系,然后按荷载与位移的关系分别计算出各自的抗弯弹性模量。通过对五种木材抗弯弹性模量的测量与分析,比较了相同含水率的木材抗弯弹性模量随密度的变化情况。试验表明:同种木材不同受弯方向抗弯弹性模量差异较大;与其他木材相比,落叶松不同受弯方向的平均抗弯弹性模量高于其他木材;木材的抗弯弹性模量有随密度增加而增加的趋势。此试验结果可为今后古建木结构的维修与加固以及构件替换提供参考。After hundreds or even thousands of years of natural,human and material degradation,the structural elements of wood buildings and the bow-pieces of corbel bracket nodes have suffered different degrees of damage.These wood parts often need to be repaired. The modulus of elasticity under static bending conditions is a significant factor that needs to be considered when selecting materials for the repair of wood buildings. In order to find a more suitable material for reinforcing or repairing ancient buildings,a bending residence test is developed for evaluating the radial,tangential and slant directions of five types of wood. A mechanical testing machine and a self-developed force sensor were applied to record the correlation between the stress and displacement of the five types of wood using a resistance strain gauge. From the correlation between load and displacement,the modulus of elasticity in static bending can be calculated separately. Through measurement and analysis of the five types of the modulus of elasticity in static bending of wood,the change of density can be compared by the same moisture content of the modulus of elasticity in static bending of wood. The results show that the same wood can have significantly different values of static elasticity bending when bent at different directions. The larch has the highest average modulus of elasticity when bent in different directions,compared with other woods tested. It was also found that the higher the wood density,the higher the modulus of elasticity in static bending. This test results provide the references for the maintenance,reinforcement and alternative replacement of the timber structures.

关 键 词：古建筑 抗弯弹性模量 木材 密度 

分 类 号：TU502.6[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]