湖北省二级及以下医疗机构小型压力蒸汽灭菌器使用现状调查  

Use status of small pressure steam sterilizer in secondary or inferior to secondary medical institutions of Hubei province

作　　者：刘艳[1] 柯荣[1] 李玮[1] 丁才智 张大明[1] 谈涛[1] 梁建生[2] 

机构地区：[1]松滋市人民医院医院感染管理科,湖北松滋434200 [2]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年第16期3826-3829,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖北省预防医学会"消毒领域科研创新"基金资助项目(XKC2015-07)

摘　　要：目的了解二级以下医疗机构小型压力蒸汽灭菌器使用现状,以便规范小型压力蒸汽灭菌器的管理。方法通过问卷、现场调查和监测的方法,对2016年湖北省小型压力蒸汽灭菌器的管理和使用进行调查统计分析,对存在的问题进行整改。结果调查不同级别医疗机构117所,共132台灭菌器,其中下排气式灭菌器占54.55%,灭菌器械类型中,手术器械占40.51%;消毒员专业中,护士、工人、其他专业分别占71.79%、10.26%、17.95%,消毒员经培训持证上岗率为29.06%;二级、一级及民营医疗机构中,注册证持有率分别为45.28%、25.45%、22.22%,说明书持有率分别有75.47%、43.64%、55.56%,均未安装高效过滤器;灭菌器1、3、5年年检率分别为7.69%、3.42%、2.56%,其中86.32%的医疗机构灭菌器无年检,日常维护由厂家维护占12.82%,医院负责占32.48%,科室负责占42.74%,无维护占11.97%;81.20%的医疗机构持有操作规程;灭菌温度、灭菌压力、灭菌时间及干燥时间合格率分别为90.60%、79.49%、85.47%及62.39%;物理、化学及化学监测开展率分别为49.57%、64.96%及32.47%,进行现场生物监测100例次,合格98例次,合格率为98.00%。结论二级以下医疗机构尤其是民营医院和一级医疗机构小型压力蒸汽灭菌器管理不规范,在人员培训及资质、灭菌器操作和监测方面存在缺陷,经加强培训及督导,加大供应室硬件设施投入,促进工作改进,取得了明显成效。OBJECTIVE To know the use status of small pressure steam sterilizer in secondary or inferior to secondary medical institutions, so as to standardize the management of small pressure steam sterilizer.METHODS Through the questionnaire, investigation and monitoring methods, the use and management of small pressure steam sterilizer of Hubei province in 2016 were investigated and statistically analyzed, and the existing problems were rectified.RESULTS In total, 117 medical institutions were investigated, including 132 sterilizers, in which lower exhaust sterilizer accounted for 54.55%, and among the type of sterilization instruments, surgical instruments accounted for 40.51%.Among disinfection operators, the nurses, workers and other specialties accounted for 71.79%, 10.26% and 17.95%, respectively.Disinfection training and the certified rate was 29.06%.The holding rates of registration certificates in secondary, primary and private medical institutions were 45.28%, 25.45% and 22.22%, respectively, and the holding rates of instructions were 75.47%, 43.64% and 55.56%, respectively.High efficiency particulate air filters were not installed.The annual, 3-year, and 5-year inspection rates were 7.69%, 3.42% and 2.56%, respectively, among them, 86.32% of the medical institutions sterilizer had no annual inspection.Daily maintenance by manufacturers accounted for 12.82%, by hospitals accounted for 32.48%, by departments accounted for 42.74%, and no maintenance accounted for 11.97%.Totally 81.20% of the medical institutions hold operating procedures.The qualified rates of sterilization temperature, sterilization pressure, sterilization time and drying time were 90.60%, 79.49%, 85.47% and 62.39%, respectively.However, the rates of physical monitoring, chemical monitoring and biological monitoring were 49.57%, 64.96% and 32.47%, respectively.The qualified rate of field investigation on biological monitoring was 98%.CONCLUSION It is not standardized for the management of small pressure steam sterilizer in secondary or inferior t

关 键 词：二级及以下医疗机构 小型压力蒸汽灭菌器 现状调查 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]