住院老年人既往跌倒危险因素分析  

Risk factors of falls in hospitalized elderly patients

作　　者：高茂龙[1] 宋岳涛[1] 白旭晶[1] 张翼[2] 陈峥[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京老年医院老年病临床与康复研究所,100095 [2]北京老年医院科教处,100095

出　　处：《中国医药》2017年第9期1406-1409,共4页China Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划（2012BA110801）

摘　　要：目的探讨住院老年人既往发生跌倒的危险因素，为临床工作中实施防护提供依据。方法2015年6—9月，采用整群抽样方法，对北京老年医院60岁以上住院患者639例进行了跌倒相关问题的调查。采用Logistic回归分析跌倒的危险因素。结果共获得617例老年患者有效数据，住院前1年内70例老年人发生过跌倒，跌倒发生率为11．3％；跌倒发生1次者52例，占74．3％。多因素分析结果显示，低血压、肌肉骨骼系统疾病、应用强心药、老年人平衡能力测试表（削弱）和老年人跌倒风险量表评估表（高危）是老年人跌倒发生的危险因素（比值比=4．656、6．500、2．293、3．801、8．673，均P〈0.05）。结论通过分析了解了住院老年人跌倒的相关危险因素，可以为预防住院老年人跌倒的发生提供理论依据。Objective To explore the risk factors of falls in hospitalized elderly patients. Methods From June to September 2015, a cluster sampling method was used to investigate related problems of falls among hospitalized patients over 60 years old in Beijing Geriatric Hospital. Risk factors of falls were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 617 cases of valid data were involved. The incidence of falls in past 1 year before admission was 11.3% （70/617）; 52 （74. 3% ） patients had 1 time of fall. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that hypotension, musculoskeletal disorders, cardiotonic medication, impaired balance （Geriatric Balance Capacity Test Scale） and high risk of falls in Geriatric Falls Risk Assessment Scale were risk factors of falls in hospitalized elderly patients （ odds ratio = 4. 656, 6. 500, 2. 293, 3. 801, 8. 673 ; all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Analyzing risk factors of falls provides theoretical basis for the prevention of falls in hospitalized elderly patients.

关 键 词：跌倒 住院 老年人 影响因素 

分 类 号：R493[医药卫生—康复医学]