崩落法引起的地表塌陷机制分析  

Mechanism Analysis on Surface Subsidence Caused by Caving Method

作　　者：付华[1,2] 陈从新[1,2] 夏开宗[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学,北京100039 [2]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2017年第8期47-51,共5页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：以程潮铁矿西区为背景,分析崩落法开采引起的地表塌陷过程和特征,并结合现场监测数据,阐明顶板冒落导致地表塌陷的3个阶段,分析研究崩落开采采矿量与地表塌陷的定量关系。结果表明,程潮铁矿西区地表塌陷可分为初始冒落、渐进冒落和剪切冒落3个阶段,并且以渐进冒落为主。崩落法开采引起的岩体崩落能否到达地表导致塌陷,与开采深厚比和碎胀系数有关,当覆岩厚度与开采矿体的累计厚度之比小于临界值时,岩体移动会发展至地表,引起地表塌陷。Taking the west area of Chengchao Iron Mine as an object, the surface subsidence process and characteristics caused by caving mining were analyzed. Based on the field monitoring data, the three stages of surface subsidence resulted in roof caving were represented, and the quantitative relationship between the mining volume of caving method and the surface subsidence was analyzed. The results showed that, the surface subsidence over the west area of Chengchao Iron Mine could be divided into three stages, including initial caving, gradual caving and shear caving, which process was dominated by the gradual caving. The rock mass caving caused by caving mining whether to reach the earth surface and lead to collapse was related to the ratios of mining deep and thickness and the bulking coefficients. When the ratio between the thickness of the overlying rock and the accumulated thickness of the mined ore was less than a critical value, the movement of rock mass would expand to the earth surface and give rise to the surface subsidence.

关 键 词：崩落采矿法 地表塌陷 开采深厚比 碎胀系数 

分 类 号：TD325.2[矿业工程—矿井建设]