纳米银对家蚕核型多角体病毒和青枯劳尔氏菌的杀灭作用  

An Investigation on Antiviral and Bactericidal Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Against Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Ralstonia solanacearum

作　　者：刘合永[1] 陈柳娟[1] 李文楚[1] 王叶元[1] 钟杨生[1] 陈芳艳[1] 林健荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东省蚕桑工程技术研究中心,广州510642

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2017年第4期626-630,共5页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：华南农业大学大学生创新创业项目(No.201510564167);广东省科技计划项目(No.2012B050100009)

摘　　要：纳米银是以纳米技术研制的一种新型消毒杀菌剂。选择家蚕血液型脓病病原家蚕核型多角体病毒(Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus,Bm NPV)和桑青枯病病原菌青枯劳尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)2种蚕桑生产上重要的病原微生物,用纳米银进行处理,测试与分析纳米银对2种病原物的杀灭效果及作用机制。用透射电子显微镜观察经0.2 mg/L纳米银溶液处理24 h后Bm NPV多角体的包被蛋白受到破坏,裸露的病毒粒子被纳米银粒子进一步杀灭;家蚕4龄幼虫用经过纳米银溶液处理的Bm NPV多角体悬液添食后,至5龄末期无感染症状,证实了Bm NPV的多角体结构被破坏而失去感染活性。用琼脂糖凝胶与SDS-PAGE电泳技术检测青枯劳尔氏菌经0.2 mg/L纳米银溶液处理24 h后的核酸和蛋白质变化,结果显示:菌体基因组DNA电泳条带呈现拖带现象,菌体蛋白质条带变得杂乱、不完整,说明菌体的DNA及蛋白质的分子结构被纳米银粒子破坏和部分降解。试验结果从病原的结构和分子水平证明了纳米银对上述2种病原物有杀灭作用。Silver nanoparticle is a novel disinfectant developed via nanotechnology. Two important pathogenic microorganisms to sericultural production,namely Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus（ Bm NPV） which causes silkworm nuclear polyhedrosis and Ralstonia solanacearum which causes mulberry bacterial wilt,were treated using silver nanoparticle to determine and analyze its antiviral and bactericidal effects against these two pathogens. Observation under transmission electronic microscope revealed that the envelope proteins of Bm NPV polyhedra were destroyed after 24 h treatment with sliver nanoparticles at the concentration of 0. 2 mg/L,and the exposed virions were further perished by silver ions. After the 4th instar silkworm larvae were administered with the silver-nanoparticle-treated Bm NPV polyhedron sus-pension,no infection was observed till the end of the 5th instar,confirming that Bm NPVs had lost infectivity due to disruption of polyhedral structure. Agarose gel electrophoresis and SDSPAGE analysis were conducted to detect DNAs and proteins of Ralstonia solanacearum after being treated with 0. 2 mg/L silver nanoparticle solution for 24 h. It was found that bands of bacterial genomic DNAs were smeared,and bacterial protein bands showed scrambled image and incomplete,demonstrating that molecular structures of bacterial DNAs and proteins had been destroyedand partially degraded. The experimental results proved the bactericidal and antiviral effects of silver nanoparticles against these two pathogens at structure and molecular level.

关 键 词：纳米银 青枯劳尔氏菌 家蚕核型多角体病毒 杀灭作用 多角体结构 细菌DNA 细菌蛋白质 

分 类 号：S884.51[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S888.71[农业科学—畜牧兽医]