吉林育龄妇女乳腺癌、宫颈癌筛查覆盖水平及影响因素分析  

Coverage and associated factors of cervical and breast cancer screening among childbearing women in Jilin province

作　　者：陈正超[1] 张启军[2] 王秋艳[2] 冯星淋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [2]吉林省卫生统计信息中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2017年第8期1170-1173,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(71303010);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金(71422009)

摘　　要：目的分析国家重大公共卫生服务项目育龄妇女乳腺癌、宫颈癌(以下简称两癌)筛查覆盖水平及影响因素。方法利用吉林省2013年卫生服务调查数据,共纳入15~64岁女性5 496人。计算育龄妇女两癌筛查覆盖率,并采用logistic回归对两癌筛查率的影响因素进行多因素分析。结果 2013年吉林省宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查率仅为11.9%和14.7%,其中城市筛查率为15.13%和18.81%高于农村筛查率7.47%和9.09%。25~54岁年龄段两癌筛查率最高,宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查率分别为16.27%和19.38%。多因素分析结果显示,中专以上学历、在校学生、婚姻状况和收入为两癌筛查的影响因素(P<0.05)。距离最近医疗机构距离、自评健康得分、5年内分娩与两癌筛查覆盖率均不相关(P>0.05)。结论吉林省两癌筛查利用水平较低,城乡差异较大。促进两癌筛查全面覆盖,应关注加强医保与公共卫生的整合衔接,健全各级医疗机构协作机制,并提供有效的健康教育。Objective To examine screening rates of cervical and breast cancer and their influencing factors among childbearing women in Jilin province. Methods Data on 5 496 women aged 15 -64 years were extracted from the Na- tional Health Services Survey conducted in Jilin province in 2013. Screening rates of cervical and breast cancer were cal- culated. Multivariate logistic regression used to analyze the factors influencing the screening rate. Results The screening rate of cervical and breast cancer were 11.9% and 14. 7% among the women and the rates were higher among the urban women （ 15.13% and 18.81% ） than among the rural women （7.47% and 9. 09% ）. The women aged 25 -54 years had the highest cervical and breast cancer screening rate （ 16. 27% and 19. 38% ）. The results of multivariate analysis showed that with the education of technical secondary school education and above, being student, marital status, and personal in- come were statistically significant influencing factors for cervical and breast cancer screening rate （ P 〈 0. 05 for all ） ; while the screening rates were not significantly influenced by the distance to the nearest medical institution, self-assessed health score, and delivery history during recent 5 years （ all P 〉 0. 05） among the women. Conclusion The rates of cer- vical and breast cancer screening are at a relative low level among childbearing age women and present an obvious urban- rural difference in Jilin province, suggesting that effective measures should be adopted to improve the coverage of cervical and breast cancer screening among the women.

关 键 词：宫颈癌 乳腺癌 筛查 吉林省 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]