中国乡村治理主体与治理规则的双重变奏  

The Dual Variation of the Governance Subject and Governance Rules in Rural China

作　　者：马良灿[1] 黄玮攀 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学公共管理学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第4期49-57,共9页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"多重逻辑视野下西部农村基层政权行为及其政权建设问题研究"(13CSH086);民政部全国农村基层治理创新理论研究课题"项目进村对基层治理的影响研究"(2016MZRJ010-01);贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究重点项目"贵州贫困地区农村基层治理的变动趋势研究"(2017zd04);贵州大学文科重大科研项目"项目进村背景下基层社会治理的变动趋势研究(GDZT201602);贵州大学青年学术创新人才支持项目"项目进村与基层治理之关系研究"(GDYB2016002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：治理主体与治理规则是乡村治理的两个基本元素。在乡村治理实践中,主体既建构规则,同时又受到规则的制约,两者处于互构与同构的双重变奏中。在巨变的乡村社会转型背景下,基层治理主体经历了四次转型:即从帝制时代的士绅精英到民国时期的地方精英,从社会主义时代集体化时期的政治精英到改革开放时代的多元治理精英。伴随着治理主体的转型,乡村治理规则也随之发生了深刻转向:传统士绅社会的道德伦理之治与民国时期的"营利型治理"规则相去甚远,而社会主义集体化时期实行的"控制型治理"规则亦同改革开放后的多元自治规则存在根本差异。Governance subject and governance rules are two basic elements of rural governance. In the practice of rural gov- ernance, the subject not only constructs the rules, but also restrains the rules, both in the dual variation of the union and the isomorphism. In the context of the changing rural society, the main types of grass - roots governance have undergone four transformations ： from the gentry of the monarchy to the local elites, from the political elite of the socialist era to the pluralistic governance of the reform and opening up elite. With the transformation of the main types of governance subject, the rules of rural governance have also undergone profound changes. The rule of moral ethics of the traditional gentry society is far from the ＂profit management＂ rule of the Republic of China, and the ＂ Control ＂rules are also different from the plu- ralistic autonomy rules after reform and opening up.

关 键 词：乡村社会 治理主体 治理规则 双重变奏 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]